1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

北方林の3次元構造と多様性維持機構の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number	08406011
Research Institution	Hokkaido University
Principal Investigator	石城謙吉北海道大学, 農学部附属演習林, 教授 (20001802)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	青井俊樹北海道大学, 農学部附属演習林, 助教授 (70125277) 大串隆之北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 助教授 (10203746) 甲山隆司北海道大学, 大学院・地球環境科学研究科, 教授 (60178233) 東正剛北海道大学, 大学院・地球環境科学研究科, 教授 (90133777) 戸田正憲北海道大学, 低温科学研究所, 教授 (40113592)
Keywords	階層構造 / 種多様性 / 繁殖生態 / 昆虫群集 / 鳥類群集 / 樹木群集 / 資源勾配 / 食物網
Research Abstract	1,亜寒帯と冷温帯のシラカバ林で、樹形、森林構造、ショウジョウバエ群集の多様性の関係を比較した。複数の昆虫食鳥類の森林生態系における役割の違いを明らかにするために、大規模な林冠エンクロージャー実験を行った。 2,ヤナギとそれに利用する昆虫の産卵選好性と生存率の関係を複数の生態機能群で比較した。その結果、相互作用の様式が大きく異なることが明らかになった。これは相互作用の進化を考えるうえで大変興味深いものである。 3,過去5年間のミズナラ堅果(ドングリ)の豊凶とエゾアカネズミの個体数の変化を調査した結果、前年のドングリの豊凶と次年春のエゾアカネズミの生き残りの数に有意な相関が認められた。 4,草食動物(北海道和種馬)による林床植生の選択的な採食が林床の種多様性に与える影響を評価した。イネ科、カヤツリグサ科の草本植物やカエデ類の低い葉が選択的に採食され、シダ類はまったく食害を受けなかったが、踏圧によるダメ-ジがきわめて大きい。 5,亜高木と低木4種について結実率に及ぼす影響を実験的に明らかにした結果、いずれも当年の資源制限と花粉制限はみられず、貯蔵養分に依存していると推察された。 6,森林観測ジャングルジムを用いて葉群の3次元分布を実測し、樹種特性や階層性を明らかにするとともに、従来の葉群分布推定法の精度を定量的に評価した。

Research Products

(29 results)

All Other

All Publications (29 results)

[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "A shift toward early reproduction in an introduced herbivorous lady beetle." Ecological Entomology.22. 90-96 (1997)
[Publications] 大串隆之・斉藤隆: "個体群生態学のフロンティア." 日本生態学会誌.47. 163-165 (1997)
[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "Population stability in relation to resource availability in an introduced population of an herbivorous lady beetle." Researches on Population Ecology.39. 37-45 (1997)
[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "What changed the demography of an herbivorous lady beetla?" Journal of Animal Ecology.(in press).
[Publications] Toda,M.J. and M.T.Kimura: "Life-history traits related to host selection in mycophagous drosophilids." Journal of Animal Ecology.66. 154-166 (1997)
[Publications] Katano,O. and K.Maekawa: "Reproductive regulation in the female Japanese Minnow." Environmental Biology of Fishes.49. 197-205 (1997)
[Publications] 前川光司・高橋剛一郎: "渓流魚と砂防工事" 砂防学会誌. 50. 61-66 (1997)
[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種" 北大演研報. 55. 18-30 (1997)
[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種の経日変化" 北海道草地研究会誌. (印刷中).
[Publications] 日浦勉・小山浩正・五十嵐恒夫: "日本列島におけるミズナラの堅果重と気象因子との相関" 植物地理分類研究. 45. 35-37 (1997)
[Publications] 上島信彦・日浦勉・原拓史: "北方針広混交林におけるトドマツとミズナラの実生におよぼす要因" 森林立地. 39. 86-93 (1997)
[Publications] 日浦勉・藤戸永志・石井正他: "北海道大学苫小牧演習林における大面積調査区データにもとづいた落葉広葉樹林の群落構造" 北大演研報. 55. 1-10 (1998)
[Publications] HRAURA,T.: "Shoot dynamics and architecture of saplings in Fagus crenata across its geographical range." Trees Struct.Funct.(in press).
[Publications] Sato,H. and Hiura,T.: "Estimation of overlapping seed shadows in a northern mixed forest." For.Ecol.Manage.(in press).
[Publications] Tamura,S. and Hiura,T.: "Proximate factors affecting fruit set and seed mass of Styrax obassia in a masting year." Ecoscience. in press).
[Publications] Inoue M.& Nakano S.: "Juvenile masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou)abundance and stream habitat relationships in northern Japan." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.1331-1341 (1997)
[Publications] Usio N.& Nakano S.: "Influences of microhabitat use and foraging mode similarities on intra-and interspecific aggressive interactions in a size-structured stream fish assemblage." Ichthyological Research.45. 19-28 (1997)
[Publications] Fausch K.D., Nakano S. & Kitano S.: "Experimentally induced foraging mode shift by sympatric charrs in a Japanese mountain stream." Behavioral Ecology.8. 414-420 (1997)
[Publications] Takami T., Kitano F. & Nakano S.: "High water temperature influences on foraging responses and thermal deaths of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma and white-spotted charr S.leucomaenis in a laboratory." Fisheries Science.63. 6-8 (1997)
[Publications] Inoue M. & Nakano S.: "Effects of woody debris on habitat of juvenile masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou)in northern Japanese streams." Freshwater Biology. in press).
[Publications] Nakano S., Kitano S., Nakai K & Fausch K.D.: "Competitive interactions for foraging microhabitat among exotic brook charr,Salvelinus fontinalis,native bull charr,S.confluentus,and westslope cutthroat trout,Oncorhynchus clarki lewisi,in a Montana stream." Environmental Biology of Fishes. (in press).
[Publications] Nishkawa U. & Nakano S.: "Temporal variation in foraging group structure of a size-structured stream fish assemblage." Environmental Biology of Fishes. (in press).
[Publications] Fausch K.D. & Nakano S.: "Research on fish ecology in Japan:a brief history and selected review." Environmental Biology of Fishes. (in press).
[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Plant-mediated interactions between herbivorous insects." In Abe,T.,Levin,S.A. & Higashi,M.(eds.),Biodiversity:An Ecological Perspective,Springer,New York,USA., 115-130 (1997)
[Publications] 大串隆之: "基礎昆虫学" 朝倉書店(印刷中),
[Publications] 大串隆之: "植食性昆虫と寄主植物との関係「昆虫学基礎と応用」" 朝倉書店(印刷中),
[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Demographic variations in different ecological scales in the herbivorous lady beetle." Populations and Patterns in Biology,Intercept,Andover,UK.(in press),
[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Botton-up population regulation of an herbivorous lady beetle:An evolutionary perspective." In Dempster,J.P. & McLean,I.F.G.(eds.),Insect Populations:in Theory and in Practice,Chapman & Hall,London.(in press),
[Publications] 大串隆之: "生態系に見る共生のしくみ「生命の地球:生態系=生物生存を支える共生系=」" 三友社出版(印刷中),

1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

北方林の3次元構造と多様性維持機構の解明

Principal Investigator

石城 謙吉 北海道大学, 農学部附属演習林, 教授 (20001802)

Research Products

[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "A shift toward early reproduction in an introduced herbivorous lady beetle." Ecological Entomology.22. 90-96 (1997)

[Publications] 大串隆之・斉藤隆: "個体群生態学のフロンティア." 日本生態学会誌.47. 163-165 (1997)

[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "Population stability in relation to resource availability in an introduced population of an herbivorous lady beetle." Researches on Population Ecology.39. 37-45 (1997)

[Publications] Ohgushi,T. & Sawada,H.: "What changed the demography of an herbivorous lady beetla?" Journal of Animal Ecology.(in press).

[Publications] Toda,M.J. and M.T.Kimura: "Life-history traits related to host selection in mycophagous drosophilids." Journal of Animal Ecology.66. 154-166 (1997)

[Publications] Katano,O. and K.Maekawa: "Reproductive regulation in the female Japanese Minnow." Environmental Biology of Fishes.49. 197-205 (1997)

[Publications] 前川光司・高橋剛一郎: "渓流魚と砂防工事" 砂防学会誌. 50. 61-66 (1997)

[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦 寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種" 北大演研報. 55. 18-30 (1997)

[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦 寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種の経日変化" 北海道草地研究会誌. (印刷中).

[Publications] 日浦勉・小山浩正・五十嵐恒夫: "日本列島におけるミズナラの堅果重と気象因子との相関" 植物地理分類研究. 45. 35-37 (1997)

[Publications] 上島信彦・日浦勉・原拓史: "北方針広混交林におけるトドマツとミズナラの実生におよぼす要因" 森林立地. 39. 86-93 (1997)

[Publications] 日浦勉・藤戸永志・石井正他: "北海道大学苫小牧演習林における大面積調査区データにもとづいた落葉広葉樹林の群落構造" 北大演研報. 55. 1-10 (1998)

[Publications] HRAURA,T.: "Shoot dynamics and architecture of saplings in Fagus crenata across its geographical range." Trees Struct.Funct.(in press).

[Publications] Sato,H. and Hiura,T.: "Estimation of overlapping seed shadows in a northern mixed forest." For.Ecol.Manage.(in press).

[Publications] Tamura,S. and Hiura,T.: "Proximate factors affecting fruit set and seed mass of Styrax obassia in a masting year." Ecoscience. in press).

[Publications] Inoue M.& Nakano S.: "Juvenile masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou)abundance and stream habitat relationships in northern Japan." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.1331-1341 (1997)

[Publications] Usio N.& Nakano S.: "Influences of microhabitat use and foraging mode similarities on intra-and interspecific aggressive interactions in a size-structured stream fish assemblage." Ichthyological Research.45. 19-28 (1997)

[Publications] Fausch K.D., Nakano S. & Kitano S.: "Experimentally induced foraging mode shift by sympatric charrs in a Japanese mountain stream." Behavioral Ecology.8. 414-420 (1997)

[Publications] Takami T., Kitano F. & Nakano S.: "High water temperature influences on foraging responses and thermal deaths of Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma and white-spotted charr S.leucomaenis in a laboratory." Fisheries Science.63. 6-8 (1997)

[Publications] Inoue M. & Nakano S.: "Effects of woody debris on habitat of juvenile masu salmon(Oncorhynchus masou)in northern Japanese streams." Freshwater Biology. in press).

[Publications] Nishkawa U. & Nakano S.: "Temporal variation in foraging group structure of a size-structured stream fish assemblage." Environmental Biology of Fishes. (in press).

[Publications] Fausch K.D. & Nakano S.: "Research on fish ecology in Japan:a brief history and selected review." Environmental Biology of Fishes. (in press).

[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Plant-mediated interactions between herbivorous insects." In Abe,T.,Levin,S.A. & Higashi,M.(eds.),Biodiversity:An Ecological Perspective,Springer,New York,USA., 115-130 (1997)

[Publications] 大串隆之: "基礎昆虫学" 朝倉書店(印刷中),

[Publications] 大串隆之: "植食性昆虫と寄主植物との関係「昆虫学 基礎と応用」" 朝倉書店(印刷中),

[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Demographic variations in different ecological scales in the herbivorous lady beetle." Populations and Patterns in Biology,Intercept,Andover,UK.(in press),

[Publications] Ohgushi,T.: "Botton-up population regulation of an herbivorous lady beetle:An evolutionary perspective." In Dempster,J.P. & McLean,I.F.G.(eds.),Insect Populations:in Theory and in Practice,Chapman & Hall,London.(in press),

[Publications] 大串隆之: "生態系に見る共生のしくみ「生命の地球:生態系=生物生存を支える共生系=」" 三友社出版(印刷中),

石城謙吉北海道大学, 農学部附属演習林, 教授 (20001802)

[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種" 北大演研報. 55. 18-30 (1997)

[Publications] 稲葉弘之・河合正人・植村滋・秦寛・近藤誠司・大久保正彦: "北海道和種馬の夏季林間放牧における採食植物種の経日変化" 北海道草地研究会誌. (印刷中).

[Publications] 大串隆之: "植食性昆虫と寄主植物との関係「昆虫学基礎と応用」" 朝倉書店(印刷中),