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1998 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Measurement of ambient benzene and human health assessment

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08458150
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 環境影響評価(含放射線生物学)
Research InstitutionYokohama National University

Principal Investigator

NAKANISHI Junko  Yokohama National University, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology, Professor, 環境科学研究センター, 教授 (10010836)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) SUZUKI Noriyuki  Kanazawa Institute of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Assistant Professor, 工学部, 助教授 (40196853)
HANAI Yoshimichi  Yokohama National University, Institute of Environmental Science and Technology,, 環境科学研究センター, 助手 (00114984)
Project Period (FY) 1996 – 1998
Keywordsbenzene / cancer risk / Nitrogen Oxide / cost / air pollution / exposure
Research Abstract

The population cancer risk due to ambient benzene was evaluated for the entire Japanese population. For predicting ambient benzene levels, nitrogen oxide (NOx) levels measured at a large number of monitoring stations set throughout Japan were used. The relationships between ambient benzene and Nox levels were investigated by continuous monitoring experiment at the Yokohama National University from May, 1997 to November, 1998. As a result of monitoring, the regression equation, Y = 0.18 X 0.81, was obtained between NOx levels (X in ppb) and benzene levels (Y in mu g/m^3) with a high correlation coefficient (R^2 = 0.73). This result indicates that ambient NOx monitoring data can be used for reliable prediction of ambient benzene level
In Japan, NOx levels in the ambient environment have been precisely monitored and their hourly average values have been recorded at 1461 general air pollution monitoring stations nationwide and at 382 automobile exhaust monitoring stations adjacent to major roads. Exposure analysis was performed considering the population represented by each monitoring station.
The population weighted average benzene levels were estimated to be 3.2 mu g/m^3 for the entire population, and 47 percent of the entire population was estimated to be exposed to benzene at a level above the Environmental Quality Standard level of 3 mu g/m^3. The distribution of excess cancer risk due to exposure to ambient benzene was established based on the EPA cancer unit risk. Our results indicated that about 79 percent of the entire population was exposed to a lifetime cancer risk level of 1 x 10^<-5> or greater, and the excess lifetime cancer risk due to one-year-exposure to benzene was estimated to be about 30 cases. The cost per one life saved per year by countermeasure that reduces benzene content in gasoline was estimated to be bout 3 billion yen.

  • Research Products

    (11 results)

All Other

All Publications (11 results)

  • [Publications] 増田厚、 伏見暁洋、 梶原秀夫、 石塚悟、益永茂樹、 中西準子: "大気中ベンゼンの連続測定とリスク評価" 第39回 大気環境学会年会 講演要旨集. 494 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kajihara, H., Ishizuka, S., Masunaga, S. and Nakanishi, J.: "Estimating and Valuing the population risk due to benzene from vehicle in Japan" Proceedings for SRA (Society for Risk Analysis) annual meeting. 75 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kajihara, H., Ishizuka, S., Fushimi, A. Masuda, A. and Nakanishi, J.: "Exposure assessment of benzene from vehicles in Japan" Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Risk Evaluation and Management of Chemicals. 62-70 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Junko Nakanishi: "Air pollution and risk assessment" Journal of Japan society for atmospheric environment. vol.31. A144-A153 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Suzuki, N., Yasuda, M., Sakurai, T.and Nakanishi, J.: "Modelling the Profile Transformation of PCDDs and PCDFs in the Environment" Organohalogen Compounds. vol.28. 16-19 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Sakurai, T., Suzuki, N., Masunaga, S.and Nakanishi, J.: "Application of Principal Component Analysis to Isomer-specific Data Matrix" Organohalogen Compounds. vol.28. 314-319 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Asami, M., Suzuki, N.and Nakanishi, J.: "Aquatic Toxicity Emission from Tokyo Wastewater Measured Using Marine Luminescent Bacterium, Photobacterium Phosphoreum" Water Sci.Technol.vol.33. 121-128 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Ohno, et al.: "Cancer risk assessment due to chemicals included in automobile exhaust gas using the method of loss of life expectancy" Proceeding of the 10th presentation meeting of the Society for Japan Risk Analysis (in Japanese). vol.10. 63-68 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hideo Kajihara et.al.: "Evaluation of Human Risk due to Benzene Exposure in Japan" Proceeding of the 1st International Workshop on Risk Evaluation and Management of Chemicals. 51-58 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hideo Kajihara, et.al.: "Estimating and valuing the population risk due to benzene vehicle in Japan" Society for Risk Analysis. (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hideo Kajihara, et.al.: "Exposure assessment of benzene from vehicles in Japan" Proceeding of the 2nd International Workshop on Risk Evaluation and Management of Chemicals. 62-70 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1999-12-08  

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