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1997 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

動物用ポジトロン断層法による脳血流・代謝画像を用いた随意運動中枢制御機構の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08558083
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

柴崎 浩  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (30037444)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 塚田 秀夫  浜松ホトニクス中央研究所, 研究員
池田 昭夫  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助手 (90212761)
長峯 隆  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助手 (10231490)
福山 秀直  京都大学, 医学研究科, 助教授 (90181297)
米倉 義晴  福井医科大学, 高エネルギー研究所, 教授 (60135572)
Keywords動物用PET / ブドウ糖代謝率 / 大脳皮質 / アセチルコリン / アルツハイマー病 / ハーダー腺 / アセチルコリンエステレース / 運動機構
Research Abstract

本研究の目的は,動物を用いて脳血流,脳ブドウ糖代謝率を測定し,運動時の一次感覚運動野,大脳基底核,小脳など運動関連領域の血流代謝の変化と同時に記録される運動関連電位などの電気生理学的データを相互に記録してその関連性を調べ,運動時の諸部位の役割を明らかにすることである.また,動物用3次元PETによる小動物(ラット,ネコ)でのデータ収集とその定量性に関する検討も行った.
動物用PETを用いて,サルにおいて,さまざまな強度による振動覚刺激で一次感覚運動野の刺激を行い,賦活時における脳血流を測定し,その増加がアセチルコリン阻害作用を有するスコポラミンで抑止され,しかも,アルツハイマー病治療に使われる可能性がある,タクリンなどアセチルコリンエステレース阻害薬で抑制されていた振動覚刺激による血流増加が復活することを明らかにし,動物用PETが将来の薬剤開発に有用であることを示した.
小動物のブドウ糖代謝率の測定を容易に行えるような高解像度の小型PET(SHR7700L)を浜松ホトニクスと共同開発した.本装置はラット,ネコ専用に使用すること,そのためガントリ-は回転しないようにし,垂直に固定すること,設置面積を小さくすることを目標に開発され,完成した.本装置は動物の生理状態や電気生理学的なデータの収集にきわめて適した装置となった.
2次元動物用PET(SHR2000)を用いて,ラットのブドウ糖代謝率の測定について詳細な検討を行った.ラットは前頭部下部にハーダー腺があり,デオキシグルコースの蓄積が脳以上に高い.したがって,前脳ブドウ糖代謝率の正確な測定に問題があることが指摘されていたが,ハーダー腺を除去したラットと正常ラットの前脳ブドウ糖代謝率の測定を行い,その影響がないことを明らかにした.また,ブドウ糖代謝率の測定で,ダイナミック法,スタティック法,パトラック法の3法を適応し,どの方法が最適な方法であるかも明らかにした.

  • Research Products

    (40 results)

All Other

All Publications (40 results)

  • [Publications] Dong,Y.et al.: "Assessment of benzodiazepine receptors using lodline-123-labeled lomazenil single-photon emission computed tomography in patients with ischemic cerebrovascular disease A comparison with PET study" Stroke. 28. 1776-1782 (1997)

  • [Publications] Fukuyama,H.et al.: "Brain functional activity during gait in normal subjects : A SPECT study." Neurosci Lett.288. 183-186 (1997)

  • [Publications] Fukuyama,H.et al.: "Effects of extracranial radioactivity on measurement of cerebral glucose metabolism by RAT-PET with [18F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose." J.Cereb.Blood Flow Metab.17. 1261-1262 (1997)

  • [Publications] Hamano,T.et al.: "The cortical generators of the contingent negative variarion in humans : a study with subdural electrodes." Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.104. 257-268 (1997)

  • [Publications] Hirano,S.et al.: "Cortical activation by monaural speech sound stimulation demonsrarted by positron emission tomography." Exp.Brain Res.113. 75-80 (1997)

  • [Publications] Hirano,S.et al.: "Cortical processing mechanism for vocalization with auditory verbal feedback" NeuroReport. 8. 2379-2392 (1997)

  • [Publications] Honda,M.et al.: "Movement-related cortical potential and regional cerebral blood flow change in patients with stroke after motor recovery" J.Neuro.Sci.146. 117-126 (1997)

  • [Publications] Ikeda,A.et al.: "Dissociation between contingent negative variation(CNV) and Bereitschaftspotential(BP) in patients with parkinsonism" Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.102. 142-151 (1997)

  • [Publications] Nagahama,Y.et al.: "Cerebral glucose metabolism in corticobasal degeneration : Comparison with progressive supranuclear pasly and normal controls" Mov.Disord.12. 691-696 (1997)

  • [Publications] Nagamine,T.et al.: "Serial processing of the somesthetic information revealed by different effects of stimulus rate on the somatosensory evoked potentials and magnetic fields" Brain Res.(in press).

  • [Publications] Nishitani,N.et al.: "Cortical-hippocampal auditory prossing identified by magnetoencephalography" J.Cog.Neurosci.(in press).

  • [Publications] Shindo,K.et al.: "Clinical usefulness of dipole tracing method for localizing interictal spikes in partial epilepsy" Epilspsia. (in press).

  • [Publications] Tanaka,F.et al.: "Presurgical identification of epilepstic foci with iodine-123 iomazenil SPECT : comparison with brain perfusion SPECT and FDG-PET." Eur.J.Necl.Med.24. 27-34 (1997)

  • [Publications] Terada,K.et al.: "Familial cortical myoclomic tremor as a unique form of cortical reflex myoclonus" Mov.Disord.12. 370-377 (1997)

  • [Publications] Tsukada,H.et al.: "Functional activation of cerebral blood flow abolished by scopolamine is reversed by congnitive enhancers associated with cholinesterase inhibition : a positron emission tomography study in unanesthetized monkeys." J.Pharmacol.Exp.Ther.281. 1408-1414 (1997)

  • [Publications] Yamauchi,H.et al.: "Atrophy of the corpus callosum,cognitive impairment and cortical hypometabolism in progressive supranuclear palsy." Ann.Nurol.41. 606-614 (1997)

  • [Publications] Yamauchi,H.et al.: "Cerebral hematocrit decreases with hemodynamic compromise in carotid artery occlusion.A PET study." Stroke. 29. 98-103 (1998)

  • [Publications] Yamauchi,H.et al.: "Atrophy of the corpus callsum,cortical hypometabolism,and cognitive impairment in corticobasal degeneration." Arch Neurol.(in press).

  • [Publications] Yazawa,S.et al.: "Subdural recording of Bereitschaftspotential is useful for functional mapping of the epileptogenic motor area a case report." Epilepsia. 38. 245-248 (1997)

  • [Publications] Yazawa,S.et al.: "Cortical mechanism underlying externally cued gait initiation studied by contingent negative variation" Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.105. 390-399 (1997)

  • [Publications] Yazawa,S.et al.: "Supplementary motor area is active in preparation for both voluntary muscle relaxation and contraction : subdual recording of Bereitschaftspotential" Neurosci.Lett.(in press).

  • [Publications] 葛谷 聡 他: "Jerk-locked back averaging(JLA)法によっててんかん発作時焦点が確認された補足運動野発作の一症例" 臨床神経. 37. 923-926 (1997)

  • [Publications] 杉 剛直 他: "安静閉眼時背景脳波の徐波特性定量判読" 医用電子と生体工学. 35. 95-99 (1997)

  • [Publications] 中村政俊 他: "脳波モデルを介した徐波律動特性の定量解析" 医用電子と生体工学. 35. 392-399 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mikuni,N.et al.: ""Cavermous sinus" EEG : a new method for the preoperative evaluation of temporal lobe epilepsy." Epilepsia. 38. 472-482 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mikuni,N.et al.: "Frontopolar ictal epileptiform discharges on scale EEG in temporal lobe epilepsy" J.Clin.Neurophysiol.14. 507-512 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mima,T.et al.: "Human second somatosensory area : subdural and magnetoencephalographic recording of somatosensory evoked response" J.Neurol.Neurosurg.Psychiatry. 63. 501-505 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mima,T.et al.: "Afferent mechanism of cortical myoclonus studied by proprioception-related SEPs." Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.104. 51-59 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mima,T.et al.: "Modality-specific organization for cutaneous and proprioceptive sense in human primary sensory cortex studied by chronic epicorotical recording" Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.104. 103-107 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mima,T.et al.: "Pathogenesis of cortical myoclonus studied by magnetoencephalography" Ann.Neurol.(in press).

  • [Publications] Mima,T.et al.: "Cortical myoclonus : sensorimotor hyperexcitability" Neurology. (in press).

  • [Publications] Nagahama,Y.et al.: "Age-related changes in cerebral blood flow activation during a Card Sorting Test." Exp.Brain Res.114. 571-577 (1997)

  • [Publications] Ikeda,A.et al.: "Alopecia with carbamazepine in two patients with focal seizures." J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatr.63. 549-550 (1997)

  • [Publications] Ikeda,A.et al.: "Scalp-recorded focal,ictal DC shift in a patient with tonic seizure" Epilepsia. 38. 1350-1354 (1997)

  • [Publications] Ikeda,A.et al.: "Reappraisal of the effects of electrode property on recording slow potentials." Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.(in press).

  • [Publications] Ikeda,A.et al.: "Role of mesial teporal lobe in voluntary movements : Bereitschaftspotential study in epileptic patients after left antero-mesial temporal resection" Electroenceph.clin.Neurophysiol.(in press).

  • [Publications] Kojima,H.et al.: "The role of the temporal coding systems in the auditory cortex on speech recognition." NeuroReport. 8. 2395-2398 (1997)

  • [Publications] Lai,C.et al.: "Event-related potentials associated with judgment : Comparison of S1- and S2-choice conditions in a contingent negative variation (CNV) paradigm" J.Clin.Neurophysiol.14. 394-405 (1997)

  • [Publications] Lu,C.et al.: "Electrophysiological studies of early stage corticobasal degeneration" Mov.Disord.13. 140-146 (1997)

  • [Publications] Mikuni,N.et al: "Simultaneous recording of epileptiform discharges by MEG and subdural electrodes in temporal lobe epilepsy" Neuroimage. 5. 298-306 (1997)

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Published: 1999-03-15   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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