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1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Cognitive and Motivational Processes Underlying the Formation of Social Stereotypes.

Research Project

Project/Area Number 08610148
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 教育・社会系心理学
Research InstitutionAichi Gakuin University

Principal Investigator

KARASAWA Minoru  AichiGakuin University, Department of Psychology (Faculty of Letters), Associate Professor, 文学部, 助教授 (90261031)

Project Period (FY) 1996 – 1997
Keywordsstereotyping / category variability / consensus estimates / causal attributions / covariation judgment / stereotype change / intergroup conflict
Research Abstract

Experimental investigations were conducted to reveal psychological processes underlying the formation and maintenance of social stereotypes. The project consisted of the following four studies.
(1) The first set of studies examined the role of the perception of social distributions as a basis for stereotyping. A series of experiments tested the exemplar-based and abstraction-based models regarding how the perception of variability among category members is constructed. The study also revealed the tendency of "in-group projection" in estimating the consensys among in-group and out-group members.
(2) The second project investigated the influence of causal inferences on stereotypic judgments. The study revealed conditions under which categro-based causal sttributions are activated to explain stereotype-consistent and inconsistent behaviors (e.g., explaining gender-role consistent and inconsistent acts by the gender of the target person).
(3) Reactions of the victims of stereotyping were examined by a study in which advertisements depicting stereotypic characteristics of the respondents' in group. The results showed that whether the stereotypic ads were evaluated positively or negatively depended on the kind of social identity (positive versus negative) of the victims activated by the ads.
(4) In the forth set of studies, stereotypes were conceptualized as perceived convariation between category membership and traits. Based on this model, ways to reduce stereotypic indgments were explored.

  • Research Products

    (8 results)

All Other

All Publications (8 results)

  • [Publications] Karasawa, M., & Brewer, M.B.: "Category size and judgment of variability:The effects of seeing the trees in the forest." Japanese Psychological Research. 38. 213-223 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M., & Sano, S.: "Determinants of category-based attributions: Salience,stereotyping,and causal interences." 愛知学院大学人間文化研究所紀要. 11. 113-121 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M.: "The perception of opinion distributions in a simulated society game." 愛知学院大学文学部紀要. 27. 37-44 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M.: "Eliminating national stereotypes:Direct versus indirect disconfirmation of beliefs in covariation." Japanese Psychological Research.40 (印刷中). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M., & Brewer, M.B.: "Category size and judgment of variability : The effects of seeing the trees in the forest." Japanese Psychological Research. 38. 213-223 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M., & Sano, S.: "Determinants of category-based attributions : Salience, stereotyping, and causal inferences" Transactions of the Institute for Cultural Studies, Aichi Gakuin University. 11. 113-121 (1996)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M.: "The perception of opinion distributions in a simulated society game." Bulletin of the Faculty of Letters of Aichi Gakuin University. 27. 37-44 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Karasawa, M.: "Eliminating national stereotypes : Direct versus indirect disconfirmation of beliefs in covariation." Japanese Psychological Research. 40 (in press). (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 1999-03-16  

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