1997 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Screening and gene analysis of cell surface molecules that involve in allogeneic recognition in solitary ascidian Halocynthia roretzi.
| Project/Area Number |
08640874
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
動物生理・代謝
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| Research Institution | Science University of Tokyo |
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Principal Investigator |
CHIBA Joe Science University of Tokyo, Biological Science and Technology, Professor, 基礎工学部, 教授 (30100085)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OHBA Hiroyoshi Science University of Tokyo Biolgical Science and T echnology Assistant, 基礎工学部, 助手 (40213847)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1996 – 1997
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| Keywords | Evolution / Immune System / Allogeneic reaction / Self-incompatibility / Coelomic cell / Oocyte / Ascidian / Halocyntia roretzi |
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| Research Abstract |
The contact reaction, an allogeneic cellular response in vitro in solitary ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, is regarded as an ancestral immunological reaction of vertebrates and has been believed to be controlled by Fu/Hc genes of Halocynthia. Here, in this project, we prcduced several monoclonal antibodies (CRB1, CRB2 and CRB3) that can block the reaction. They all recognize the cell surface antigens (named CR1, CR2 and CR3) that are expressing mainly on non-phagocytic coelomocytes in coelomic fluid of Halocynthia.
Biochemical and immunological analyzes of the antigens revealed that they are glycoproteins and their antigenicity highly depend on the preesnce of carbohdrates with N-glycosidic linkage on the molecules. CR1 and CR2 antigens were demonstrated also on vitelline coat and follicle cells of oocytes, respectively. CR3 antgen was demonstrated on both vitelline coat and follicle cells. Interestingly, CRB1 and CRB2, but not CRB3, blocked the fertilization of certain combinations of eggs and sperms from different individuals of Halocynthia. Since molecules that control self-incompatibility in Halocynthia oocytes are known to be located on vitelline coat, CR1 antigen may involve both in allgeneic response by coelomic cells and the self-incompatibility mechanism in the fertilization in Halocynthia. Thus, it is highly possible that CR1 antigen is the product of the Fu/Hc gene of Halocyntia that controls allogenicity of coelomic cells and self-incompatibility in the fertilization. It is necessary and possible to clone the CR1 antigen to understand the possible events that may occurred during evolution of primitive alloreognition system in prochordates to hoghly developed immune system in vertebrates.
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