1998 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
In vitro study of rat visual cortical plasticity
| Project/Area Number |
09480233
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Neuroscience in general
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| Research Institution | KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE |
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Principal Investigator |
TOYAMA Keisuke KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,PROFESSOR, 医学部, 教授 (90090505)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
INOKAWA Hitoshi KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,ASSISTANT PROF, 医学部, 助手 (40285250)
HIGASHI Shuji KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,ASSISTANT PROF, 医学部, 助手 (30228704)
KUROTANI Tohru KYOTO PREFECTURAL UNIVERSITY OF MEDICINE,DEPARTMENT OF PHYSIOLOGY,LECTURER, 医学部, 講師 (50195591)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 1998
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| Keywords | PLASTICITY / fast LTP / slow LTP / protein kinase / visual cortex / staurosporine |
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| Research Abstract |
In vitro study of rat visual cortical plasticity
A debate between the prenatal vs. postnatal theory has long been one of the central issues in neuroscience. Recently, it has been shown that two basic structures in the cerebral cortex, the layer and columnar organizations, depend on the gene and learning, respectively. We have been studying the plasticity responsible for learning of the columnar organization in the visual cortex by in vitro approach, investigating the plasticity as long term potentiation (LTP) of synaptic transmission in the rat visual cortical slices. We found two types of LTPs. Fast (fLTP) developed almost immediately (in 5 min.) after theta-burst stimulation of the white matter while slow LTP (sLTP) developed gradually (in one hour). The two LTPs exhibited the following distinct properties. First, the fLTP occurred in the adult as well as young rat slices, while the sLTP preferentially occurred in the young slices. Second, the induction of the fLTP was blocked by blockers of the NMDA receptors (APV) while that of the sLTP was blocked by blockers of the voltage-gated Ca channels as well as those of the protein and RNA syntheses. Third, sLTP expressed in the first and second order geniculo-cortical synapses while fLTP expressed in the axon collateral synapses in layers 5 and 6. These findings indicate that the sLTP is the substrate for the developmental plasticity underlying formation of columnar structures such as the ocular dominance and orientation columns while the fLTP is that for the adult plasticity underlying learning phenomena such as adaptation.
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Research Products
(14 results)
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[Publications] Watanabe, D., Inokawa, H.Hashimoto., K., Suzuki, NaKano, M.Shigemoto, R.Hirano, .T., Toyama, K., Kaneko, S., Yokoi, M., Moriyoshi, K., Suzuki, M., Kobayashi, K., Nagatsu, T., Kreitman, R., Pastan, I., and Nakanishi, S.: "Ablation of cerebellar Golgi cells disrupts synaptic integration involving GABA inhibition and NMDA receptor activation in motor coordiantion" Cell. 95. 17-27 (1998)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Toyama, K., Yoshikawa, K., Yoshida, Y., Kondo, S., Tomita, Y., Takanashi, Y., Ejima, Y.and Yoshizawa, S.: "A new method for magnetoencephalography (MEG) : Three dimensional magnetometer-spatial filter system" Neuroscience. (in press).
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Toyam, K., Yoshikawa, K., Tomita, S.and Kajiwara, S.: A new technique in magnetoencephalography and its application to visual neuroscience, In Human Higher Function, I.New Methodologies, ed.T.Nakada. Smith-Gordon Pubisher, (in press),
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
