2000 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Establishment of mouse strains with different allelic combinations of genes controlling taste receptor and transduction mechanisms.
| Project/Area Number |
09557147
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 展開研究 |
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| Research Field |
Functional basic dentistry
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| Research Institution | KYUSHU UNIVERSITY (2000)
Asahi University (1997-1999) |
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Principal Investigator |
NINOMIYA Yuzo Kyushu Univ., Faculty of Dental Science, Prof., 大学院・歯学研究院, 教授 (50076048)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SASAMOTO Kazushige Kyushu Univ., Faculty of Dental Science, Ass.Prof., 大学院・歯学研究院, 助教授 (30128029)
IKENAGA Hiroshi Kirin Brewery Co. Ltd., Manager, 基盤技術研究所, 主席研究員
IMOTO Toshiaki Tottori Univ., Faculty of Medical Science, Ass.Prof., 医学部, 助教授 (10109639)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1997 – 2000
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| Keywords | Sweet taste / taste genes / taste variants / receptor / transduction / leptin, gurmarin |
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| Research Abstract |
In order to study taste receptor and transduction mechanisms, we bred mouse strains with various allelic combinations of mouse genes in relation to taste sensitivities. We focused on four known genes, dpa, Sac, db and Gpr70. Among them dpa and Sac genes are reported to influence behavioral preferences for sucrose, saccharin and other sweet substances. The dpa gene is thought to be a candidate gene for controlling gurarin-sensitive sweet receptors (GSSWs). The db gene is reported to control leptin receptor through which sweet sensitivity is mondified. Gpr70 is a gene for a putative sweet receptor. We found that N16 generations in the dpa congenic line were subdivided into 3 groups, nonsweet, semisweet, and sweet tasters. This indicates that there is one other gene which participate in segregation between semisweet and sweet tasters. To examine if Sac and Gpr70 would be the same gene, we made partial congenic strains for Sac and Gpr70 loci by using 129 and C57Bl mice, as parent strains. The results suggested that they are different loci with a distance more than 5.0 cM.The Gpr70 gene did not influence saccharin preferences in mice. Possible contribution of the db gene on sweet sensitivity was examined. We found that leptin inhibited sucrose and saccharin responses without affecting responses to other taste stimuli through leptin receptor expressed in taste tissues in lean control mice. There is a possiblity that leptin receptor may express in taste cells which are sensitive to sweet substances but insensitive to gurmarin. In total, we established 8 mouse lines which shows different sensitivities to gurmarin, leptin and saccharin, sucrose and Dphenylalanine.
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