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1998 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

ONTOGENETIC STUDIES ON THE ORIGIN OF ECHINODERM BODY PLAN

Research Project

Project/Area Number 09839009
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 自然史科学
Research InstitutionThe UUNIVERSITY OF TOKYO

Principal Investigator

AMEMIYA Shonan  UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO, GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCE, PROFESSOR, 大学院・理学系研究科, 教授 (30011670)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TANAKA Shoji  MITSUBISHI KASEI INSTITUTED OF LIFE SCIENCES, LABORATORY OF BIOIMAGES, CHIEF RESEARCHER, 生命画像情報研究室, 主任研究員
Project Period (FY) 1997 – 1998
KeywordsSea urchin / Echinoderm / Body plan / Ontogeny / Left-right asymmety / Small micromere / Crinoid / Torsion
Research Abstract

1) Studies on torsion and left-right asymmetry in sea urchin larvae. In sea urchins, embryos and larvae are bilateral symmetry in morphology through early pluteus stage. The symmetry is lost at late pluteus stage when an adult rudiment develops from the left coelomic pouch, and a left-right polarity arises in the larvae. The formation of adult rudiment on the left side of the larval body results in torsion between the body axis along mouth and anus of the larvae and adults. Distribution of small micromere-derivatives between left-right coelomic pouches were investigated to study the origin of establishment of left-right asymmetry in sea urchin larvae. Sea urchin eggs divide equally in first three cleavages to form eight blastomeres of equal size. Vegetal blastomeres devide unequally at fourth cleavage to form four micomeres in vegetal pole. The micromeres divide unequally again at the next cleavage to form four small micromeres in the vegetal pole. The small micromeres are located on t … More he tip of invaginating archenteron and incorporated into a pair of coelomic pouches formed left and right sides of the archenteron tip. According to the mode of distribution of the small micromere derivatives into the coelomic pouches, the sea urchin species were classified into two different groups. In the first group which is refered to as "5-3type", the small micromere derivatives distributed into the left and right coelomic pouches in the ratio about 5 : 3. In the second group refered to as "8-0 type" they did in the ratio 8 : 0. The mode of distribution of the small micromere derivatives into the coelomic pouches in the hybrid embryos between the species of "5-3 type" and "8-0 type" was examined. The results indicated that the distribution of the small micromere derivatives into the coelomic pouches is under the control of nuclear activity after fertilization.
2) A homeobox gene esolated from a stalked crinoid. Stalked crinoids are the most primitive group in Phylum Echinodermata. Phylogenetic analysis of the stalked crinoids has not yet been performed moleculary. We tried to clone homeobox genes in a stalked crinoid, Metacrinus rotundus, in order to investigate the phylogenetic situation of the stalked crinoid among and within the Phylum. A homeobox gene was cloned from a genomic library of the species by using a homeodomain with highly conserved protein motif of 60 amino acids in homeobox gene as a prove. The comparative analysis of the homeodomain showed that the crinoid homeobox gene had the highest homology with two genes, Nkx-5.2 of mice and spHmx of sea urchins, belonging to H6 subfamily. However, the ratios of homology in the homeodomains between the crinoid homeobox gene and Nka-5.2 or spHmx were less than 60%, suggesting that the gene belongs to a novel homeobox family. Less

  • Research Products

    (19 results)

All Other

All Publications (19 results)

  • [Publications] Oji,T.and Amemiya,S.: "Survival of crinoid stalk fragments and its taphonomic implications:addditional discussion"Paleont.Res. (印刷中). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kurokawa、D.,Amemiya,S.et.al.: "HpEts,an ets-related transcription factor implicated in primary mesenchyme cell defferentiation of the sea urchin embryo"Mechanisums of Development. 80・1. 41-52 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Oji,T.and Amemiya,S.: "Survival of crinoid stalk fragments and its taphonomic implications"Paleont.Res. 2. 67-70 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Minokawa,T.and Amemiya S.: "Mesodermal cell differentiation in echinoid embryos derived from the animal cap recombined with a quarter of micromeres"Zool.Sci. 15. 541-545 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Saito,M.,Amemiya,S.,et.al.: "Induction of metamorphosis in the sand dollar Peronella japonica by thyroid hormones"Dev.Growth Differ. 40. 307-312 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yokota,Y.and Amemiya,S.: "A putative vitellogenin in coelomic fluid of echinothurioid sea urchins,Araeosoma owstoni and Asthenosoma ijimai"Comp.Biochem.Physiol. 119A. 801-806 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 雨宮昭南・上原剛: "「水棲無脊椎動物の最新学」琉球フクロウニの研究"東海大学出版会. 15 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Amemiya S. and Uehara T.: "Studies on the Echinothurioid Echinoid, Asthenosoma sp. Collected Around Ryukyu Islands."In "Current Topics in Studies of Aquatic Animals" (Ads. T. Okutani, S. Oota, R. Ueshima), Tokai University Press, Tokyo. (in press). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Aihara, M., Kitazawa, C. and Amemiya, S.: "Phylogenetic origin of left-right asymmetry in animal body plan."Iden (The Heredity), Shoukabo. (in press). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Minokaa, T. and Amemiya, S.: "Timing of the potential of micromere-descendants in echinoid embryos to induce endoderm differentiation of mesomere- descendants."Dev. Growth Differ,. (in press). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Oji,T. and Amemiya, S.: "Survival of crinoid stalk fragments and its taphonomic implications : additional discussion."Paleont. Res.. (in press). (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kurokawa, D., Kitajima, T., Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo, K., Amemiya, S., Shimada, H. and Akasaka, K.: "HpEts, an ets-related transcription factor implicated in primary mesenchyme cell differentiation of the sea urchin embryo."Mechanisms of Development. 80. 41-52 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Oji, T. and Amemiya, S.: "Survival of crinoid stalk fragments and its taphonomic implications."Paleont. Res.. 2. 67-70 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Minokawa, T. and Amemiya S.: "Mesodermal cell differentiation in echinoid embryos derived from the animal cap recombined with a quartet of micromeres."Zool. Sci.. 15. 541-545 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Saito, M., Seki, M., Amemiya., Yamasu, K., Suyemitsu, T. and Ishihara, K.: "Induction of metamorphosis in the sand dollar Peronella japonica by thyroid hormones."Dev. Growth Differ.. 40. 307-312 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yokota, Y. and Amemiya, S.: "A putative vitellogenin in coelomic fluid of echinothurioid sea urchins, Araeosoma owstoni and Asthenosoma ijimai."Comp. Biochem. Physiol.. 119A. 801-806 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kitazawa, C. and Amemiya, S.: "Evagination of the amniotic cavity in larvae derived from lithium-treated embryos of the sand dollar, Peronella japonica."J. Exp. Zool.. 279. 309-312 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nomaguchi, T. A., Nishijima, C., Minowa, S., Hashimoto, M., Haraguchi, C., Amemiya, S., and Fujisawa, H.: "Embryonic thermosensitivity of the ascidian, Ciona savignyi."Zool. Sci.. 14. 511-515 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Minokawa, T., Hamaguchi, Y. and Amemiya, S.: "Skeletogenic potential of induced secondary mesenchyme cells derived from the presumptive ectoderm in echinoid embryos."Dev. Genes Evol.. 206. 472-476 (1997)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2001-10-23  

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