2001 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Agricultural Restructuring and Environmental Issues after introduction of the Market Mechanism in East Europe
| Project/Area Number |
10041068
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 海外学術 |
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| Research Field |
Agro-economics
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KAGATSUME Masaru Kyoto University Graduate School of Agriculture Professor, 農学研究科, 教授 (20101248)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OSANAMI Fumio Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Professor, 農学研究科, 教授 (00113697)
HONDAI Susumu Kobe University, Graduate School of International Cooperation, Professor, 国際協力研究科, 教授 (70138569)
KAKO Toshiyuki Kobe University, Faculty of Agriculture, Professor, 農学部, 教授 (00121533)
CHIN Kinko Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Lecturer, 農学研究科, 講師 (70258664)
ONIKI Shunji Policy Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, 農林水産政策研究所, 研究員 (60289345)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
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| Keywords | Introduction of Marker Mechanism / CEECs / Environmental Conservation / Agricultural Restructuring / Less Favored Area |
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| Research Abstract |
Impacts of the market mechanism on the agricultural development through the economic transition process have been analyzed from the aspects of market distribution, land system, management structure and environmental issues in East European Countries. The following points have been clarified.
In the early stage of transition, whole economy, especially land productivity was devastated and seriously stagnated but afterwards, gradually recovered. In Hungary and Poland, this recovery was relatively quick and Check Republic followed these countries a little later. However Bulgaria and Romania have still suffered from the stagnation caused by the transition.
The biggest problem is the reform of the land tenure system. The farmland could be privatized relatively steadily in Hungary where the market mechanism had been introduced in the early stage and in Poland where private ownership of farmland had been admitted partially even during the socialism regime period. However, in Check Republic or Bu
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lgaria where majority of farmland had been state-owned under the socialism regime era, the privatization of the farmland has been difficult. Formerly the state-owned farms were so large scale that the machine had been used but privatized individual farmland became so small size that the large scale machine could not be used efficiently and individual farmers did not have sufficient knowledge for farm management skill. Therefore, in most of East European Countries, the enlargement of farm size and joint use of machines have been promoted by forming the farm cooperative.
In the transition process to the market economy system, farming methods have been converted to the productivity oriented and in this process, the environmental degradation has been gradually observed. In the countries such as Check Republic, which cannot afford to adopt agricultural environmental policy, the recovery from the stagnation caused by the transition process is the most urgent issues. The East European countries are severely requested to cope with the common Agri-environmental Policy for joining the EU in a few years. Less
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