1999 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

土壌内における毒性有機化合物の挙動測定と運命予測のための新しい手法

Research Project

Project/Area Number	10044162
Research Institution	Hiroshima University
Principal Investigator	山口登志子広島大学, 工学部, 助教授 (80034396)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	福島武彦広島大学, 工学部, 教授 (90124354)
Keywords	有機塩素化合物 / 農薬 / 土壌吸着・脱離 / 遅延特性 / 土壌内拡散 / 運命予測モデル / マイクロカラム法 / 土壌コロイド
Research Abstract	本研究の目的は,土壌内における毒性有機化合物の運命予測を行うことにあり,次の3つの項目について研究を進めてきた.(1)土壌-水相における化学物質の吸着,移動と運命予測,(2)土壌内気相における化学物質の吸着,移動と運命予測,(3)土壌-水相と土壌内気相における化学物質の移動予測モデルの構築.それぞれの項目について得られた結果を以下に示す. (1)2種類の農薬(シマジンとアシュラム)の土壌への吸着・脱離について調べ,コロイド粒径のフラクションの農薬吸着量が最も多く,また脱離量が最も少ないこと,吸着・脱離のヒステリシスが大きいため,土壌浄化・修復の際に土壌内に残留する可能性が高いことなどが明らかになった.また,溶存化学物質の土壌内移動特性(遅延)をフロー法により簡便に測定することのできるHPLC-マイクロカラム法を提案し,バッチ,フロー両実験から得た遅延係数を比較した. (2)揮発性有機化合物(トリクロロエタン,トルエン,ベンゼン)や揮発性農薬(ダイアジノン)について,土壌への気体吸着が,土壌内湿度や水分量,表面積,土壌特性によって大きく影響を受けることを明らかにした.また,気体の土壌内移動特性(遅延)を簡便に測定できるGC-マイクロカラム法を提案し,それを適用して,土壌ガス吸引法における浄化時間の予測を行い,通気性とガスの拡散性が浄化時間に重要な影響を与えることを示した. (3)不撹乱土壌における通気性の予測に関して,土壌の間隙径を考慮した予測モデルを提案し,また不撹乱土壌における飽和,不飽和透水係数の予測に関して,土壌水分量と間隙径分布を考慮した新しいモデルを開発した.さらに,土壊内の気体拡散係数の予測に関して,通気性,間隙径分布,マクロポロシティ(大きな間隙の割合)をパラメタとした実用的なモデルを提案した.

Research Products
(13 results)

All Other

All Publications (13 results)

[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Kinetics and equilibrium of simazine sorption on soil collids."Journal of Environmental Chemistry. 8,(2). 259-266 (1998)
[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Simazine sorption and transport in soils and particle size fractions."Journal of Environmental Chemistry. 8,(4). 769-779 (1998)
[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Sorption and transport of asulam in soils."Environmental Engineering Research. 35. 137-144 (1998)
[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Kinetics of simazine sorption on soils and soil particle size fractions."Soils and Foundations. 39,(4). 143-149 (1999)
[Publications] Moldrup,T.: "Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils:IX. The Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell equation for gas diffusivity in undisturbed soil."Soil Science. 164,(8). 542-551 (1999)
[Publications] Yamaguchi,T.: "Test of HPLC Micro-Column method for direct measurements of pesticide retardation in soils."Soils and Foundations. (accepted for publication). (2000)
[Publications] Yamaguchi,T.: "Predictive model for adsorption of volatile organic chemicals in soils."Environmental Engineering Research. 36. 477-482 (1999)
[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting soil-water and soil-air transport properties and their effects on Soil Vapor Extraction efficiency."Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation. 19,(3). 61-70 (1999)
[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting volatile organic vapor sorption from soil specific surface area and texture."Journal of Environmental Quality. (in press,Sept-Oct issue). (2000)
[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in undisturbed soils from soil-water characteristics."Soil Science. 164,(12). 877-887 (1999)
[Publications] Moldrup,P.: "Predicting the gas diffusion coefficient in undisturbed soil from soil-water characteristics."Soil Science Society of America Journal. (in press,Jan-Feb issue). (2000)
[Publications] Moldrup,P.: "Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils: VIII. Gas diffusion predicted from single-potential diffusivity or permeability measurements."Soil Science. 164,(2). 75-81 (1999)
[Publications] Chen,D.: "Calculating Partition Coefficients of Organic Vapors in Unsaturated Soil and Clays"Soil Science. (accepted for publication). (2000)

1999 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

土壌内における毒性有機化合物の挙動測定と運命予測のための新しい手法

Principal Investigator

山口 登志子 広島大学, 工学部, 助教授 (80034396)

Research Products

[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Kinetics and equilibrium of simazine sorption on soil collids."Journal of Environmental Chemistry. 8,(2). 259-266 (1998)

[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Simazine sorption and transport in soils and particle size fractions."Journal of Environmental Chemistry. 8,(4). 769-779 (1998)

[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Sorption and transport of asulam in soils."Environmental Engineering Research. 35. 137-144 (1998)

[Publications] Farcasanu,R.I.: "Kinetics of simazine sorption on soils and soil particle size fractions."Soils and Foundations. 39,(4). 143-149 (1999)

[Publications] Moldrup,T.: "Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils:IX. The Buckingham-Burdine-Campbell equation for gas diffusivity in undisturbed soil."Soil Science. 164,(8). 542-551 (1999)

[Publications] Yamaguchi,T.: "Test of HPLC Micro-Column method for direct measurements of pesticide retardation in soils."Soils and Foundations. (accepted for publication). (2000)

[Publications] Yamaguchi,T.: "Predictive model for adsorption of volatile organic chemicals in soils."Environmental Engineering Research. 36. 477-482 (1999)

[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting soil-water and soil-air transport properties and their effects on Soil Vapor Extraction efficiency."Ground Water Monitoring & Remediation. 19,(3). 61-70 (1999)

[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting volatile organic vapor sorption from soil specific surface area and texture."Journal of Environmental Quality. (in press,Sept-Oct issue). (2000)

[Publications] Poulsen,T.G.: "Predicting saturated and unsaturated hydraulic conductivity in undisturbed soils from soil-water characteristics."Soil Science. 164,(12). 877-887 (1999)

[Publications] Moldrup,P.: "Predicting the gas diffusion coefficient in undisturbed soil from soil-water characteristics."Soil Science Society of America Journal. (in press,Jan-Feb issue). (2000)

[Publications] Moldrup,P.: "Modeling diffusion and reaction in soils: VIII. Gas diffusion predicted from single-potential diffusivity or permeability measurements."Soil Science. 164,(2). 75-81 (1999)

[Publications] Chen,D.: "Calculating Partition Coefficients of Organic Vapors in Unsaturated Soil and Clays"Soil Science. (accepted for publication). (2000)

山口登志子広島大学, 工学部, 助教授 (80034396)