2000 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Molecular biological study and breeding of cold response in wheat
| Project/Area Number |
10044207
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Breeding science
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| Research Institution | KOBE UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
NAKAMURA Chiharu KOBE UNIV., AGRICULTURE, PROFESSOR, 農学部, 教授 (10144601)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TAKUMI Shigeo KOBE UNIV., AGRICULTURE, ASSISTANT PROF., 農学部, 助手 (50249166)
MORI Naoki KOBE UNIV., AGRICULTURE, ASSOCIATE.PROF., 農学部, 助教授 (60230075)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
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| Keywords | cold acclimation / freezing tolerance / cold-responsive genes / chloroplast / mitochondria / NIR(near infrared spectroscopy) / common wheat / 葉緑体 / ミトコンドリア / パンコムギ |
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| Research Abstract |
Japan side(Kobe University)
1)Six clones of cold-responsive genes were isolated from a winter-hardy common wheat cultivar 'Mironovska 808', and their strucutre and expression were studied. a)Wcor14 and Wcs19 : genes gelonging to a Cor(cold-responsive)family. Wcor14 is homologous to cold- and light-responsive barley Bcor14b. Wcs19 has a N-terminal region homologous to that of Wcor14 and Bcor14b. WCOR14, WCS19 and BCOR14b have a 51-amino-acid N-terminal choloroplast leader peptide. b)Wdhn13 : a gene belonging to a hedydrin family. A genomic clone of Wcas19 including a putative promoter was also obtained. c) Wrab17 : a gene homologous to GA_3-responsive ES2A from a GA_3-insensitive barley mutant. d)Wrab19 : a gene belonging to a group-3 lea gene family. e)Wltr10 : a member of cereal-specific Ltr family. f)Waox1 and Waox2 : genes encoding cyanide-insensitive alternative oxidase. 2)Copy number of each gene was determined by genomic Southern blot analysis. Chromosome assignment was made using
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nulli-tetrasomic lines and D genome chromosome substiotution lines. Waox1 and Waox2 were shown to be nonhomoeologous genes. 3)Bioassy for freezing tolerance was conducted using 'Mironovska 808' and a spring wheat cv.'Chinese Spring'. Enhancement of freezing tolerance by cold acclimation and significant cultivar differences in the level of freezing tolerance were shown. 4)Gene expression was studied by Northern blot analysis. Expression of Wcor14, Wcs19 and Wltr10 was low temperature-specific. Expression of Wrab17 and Wrab19 was induced by low temperature and also modulated by GA_3 and ABA.Expression of Waox1 and Waox2 was enhanced by low temperature and KCN.A positive correlation was observed between the level of expression of these genes and the level of freezing tolerance in the two cultivars. 5)Transportation of WCOR14 and WCS19 to chloroplasts and that of WAOX1 and WAOX2 to mitonchodria was proven by the transient expression assay using GFP-fusion constracts. 6)Genomic clones of Waox1 and Waox2 were isolated and their exson-intron structures were determined. 7)WCOR14 and WDHN13 were synthesized in E.coli and their antibodies were raized using mouse and rabbit.
Bulgarian side(Institute of Genetic Enginnering)
1)Bioassay for freezing tolerance was conducted using a large number of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat species and cultivars. 2)Proline systhetase genes were introduced into tobacco plants and the transformants were characterized in their prolione and fructan contents. 3)Near infrared spectrophotometry was applied to monitor cellular changes during freezing/dehydration stresses. Less
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[Publications] Tsuda, K., Tsvetanov, S., Takumi, S., Mori, N., Atanassov, A.and Nakamura, C.: "New members of a cold-responsive group-3 Lea/Rab-related Cor gene family from common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)"Genes Genet.Syst.. 75. 179-188 (2000)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Tsvetanov, S., Ohno, R., Tsuda, K., Takumi, S., Mori, N., Atanassov, A.and Nakamura, C.: "A cold-responsive wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)gene wcor14 identified in a winter-hardy cultivar 'Mironovska 808'"Genes Genet.Syst.. 75. 49-57 (2000)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Kasai, K., Mori, N., Uchida, N., Yasuda, T., Oji, Y.and Nakamura, C.: "Inhibition of photosynthesis by NaCl salinity in seedlings of common wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)"Mem.Grad.School Sci.Technol.Kobe Univ.. 17-A. 19-20 (1999)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Kasai, K., Fukayama, H., Uchida, N., Mori, N., Yasuda, T., Oji, Y.and Nakamura, C.: "Salinity tolerance in Triticum aestivum-Lophopyrum elongatum amphiploid and 5E disomic addition line evaluated by NaCl effects on photosynthesis and respiration"Cereal Res.Commun.. 26. 281-287 (1998)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Publications] Tsvetanov, S., Etoh, K., Tsuda, K., Takumi, S., Mori, N., Atanassov, A.and Nakamura, C.: "Cloning and characterization of several members of a cold-responsive gene family, Wcor, and an alternative oxidase gene, Waox, in wheat"Proc.9th Int.Wheat Genet.. Symp.1. 225-228 (1998)
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「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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