2001 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
The Transformation of the "Nation-State" System in South Asia
| Project/Area Number |
10116107
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Research Institution | Daito Bunka University |
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Principal Investigator |
HIROSE Takako Daito Bunka University, Faculty of International Relations, Professor, 国際関係学部, 教授 (20119431)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
KONDO Norio The Institute of Developing Economies, JETRO, Area Studies Research Fellow, 地域研究部, 研究員
HAMAGUCHI Tsuneo Osaka University of Foreign Studies, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Professor, 外国語学部, 教授 (70030137)
NAGASAKI Nobuko Ryukoku University, Faculty of Comparative Culture, Professor, 国際文化学部, 教授 (70012979)
YOSHIDA Osamu Hiroshima University, Faculty of Law, Professor, 法学部, 教授 (60231693)
INOUE Kyoko The Institute of Developing Economies, JETRO, Research Coordinator, 動向分析部, 主任調査研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
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| Keywords | nation-state / decentralization / regional cooperation / nation-building / partition / state sovereignty / communalism / South Asia |
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| Research Abstract |
The achievements of the three-year project are as follows :
1. The building of the "nation-states" in South Asia was handicapped by the partition of the British India. Especially disadvantageous was Pakistan.
2. India aimed at building strong centralised state institutions owing in large part to the British heritage, but has been forced to give more autonomy to the states and local bodies, faced with strong protest movements from various parts of the country.
3. Nehru tried to build a modern civic nation, which alienated large masses. The emergence of Hindu nationalism in the 1980s was a reaction to the Nehruvian nationalism. However, even Hindu nationalism has been gradually being replaced by pan-India nationalism. The BJP government has fully utilized the nuclear tests and the Kargil crisis for that purpose. Thus, the gap between the directions of state-building and of nation-building is widening in India.
4. The Islamization of Pakistan has been brought about by two main factors : a contradiction of the "nation-states" of Pakistan and the poor performance of the successive governments.
5. The economic liberalization policy and the development of media and IT industries have accelerated flows of goods, information and people, which have had a considerable impact on the "nation-states." However, these forces do not necessarily lead to globalisation, but the resistance manifests itself as strong nationalism.
6. The conflict between India and Pakistan stems mainly from contradictions of respective "nation-states." Nuclear tests and the Kashmir conflict are some results of the contradictions. The late 1990s witnessed confrontationist aspects of the two brother countries, which also affected our research. Regional cooperation, shared sovereignty and the difference between the relations of states and that of nations are yet to be fully discussed in the future.
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