1998 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

ヒトゲノムGC含量ドメイン構造の解析と遺伝子高密度領域の探索

Research Project

Project/Area Number	10168226
Research Institution	National Institute of Genetics
Principal Investigator	池村淑道国立遺伝学研究所, 集団遺伝研究系, 教授 (50025475)
Keywords	バンド境界 / MHC / GC含量の変移点 / 3重鎖 / X不活性化中心 / non-B型構造 / 複製タイミング / ポリプリン / ポリピリミジン配列
Research Abstract	ヒト染色体バンド領域は、S期内の複製時期ならびにGC含量の区分構造と関係しており、遺伝子密度や組換え頻度等を異にしている。構造上のみならず、機能上のドメインとして理解されるようになってきた。生物学的意味に富んだバンドの属性と塩基配列との関係づけは、ゲノム解折における重要な課題である。複製タイミングのスイッチ点やGC含量のモザイク境界については、塩基配列レベルで特定できる可能性が高く、境界を特徴づけるシグナル群が存在する可能性も考えられる。この視点に立ち、X染色体のXIC(X-chromosome inactivation center)とその周辺、ならびにMHCとその周辺の非MHC領域を具体例に解析を行った。X染色体の不活性化に重要な役割を果たすXIC(約1.2Mb)は、Xq13領域内に位置し、そのセントロメア側の境界は、Xq13.1とXq13.2の境界付近に位置すると推定されている。XICのセントロメア側に位置する約250kbの逆位配列の近傍、ならびにXIST遺伝子領域において、複製時期がS期前半から後半に大きく転換することが判明した。MHCクラスIと非MHC領域との境においても、明瞭な複製時期の差が見い出され、AT-richである非MHC領域がS期の遅い時期に複製していた。MHCクラスIIのセントロメア側の非MHC領域も、GC含量と複製時期の両方の変移が一致しており、この場合、GC含量の高い非MHC領域はS期の早い時期に複製していた。これらの複製時期の転換点とGC含量のモザイク境界について、境界を特徴づける構造を探索したところ、上記のいずれの境界についても、複数種類の共通的な特徴構造が見い出された。その一つは、大型のポリプリン/ポリピリミジン配列であり、3重鎖を形成することが判明した。in vitroの研究により、3重鎖がDNA複製フォークの進行を止めることが報告されている。大型のポリプリン/ポリピリミジン配列のみで複製の制御が可能とは考えられないが、この種のNon-B型構造を形成するゲノム部位の機能上の意味は興味深い。

Research Products

(10 results)

All Other

All Publications (10 results)

[Publications] 大野みずき: "Non-B DNA structures spatially and sequence-specifically associated with individual centromeres in the human interphase nucleus." Chromosomes Today. 13. in press (1999)
[Publications] 池村淑道: "Genome and subnuclear organization of non-B forming DNAs in mammalian chromosomes." Cytogenet Cell Genet. 81. 101-102 (1998)
[Publications] 椎名崇: "Nucleotide sequencing analysis of the 146 kb segment around the IKBL and MICA genes at the centromeric end of the HLA class 1 region." Genomics. 47. 372-382 (1998)
[Publications] 生田智樹: "Structural analysis of mouse tenascin-X:evolutionary aspects of reduplication of FNIII repeats in the tenascin gene family." Gene. 217. 1-13 (1998)
[Publications] 大野みずき: "Triplex-forming DNAs in the human interphase nucleus visualized in situ by polypurine/polypyrimidine DNA probes and anti-triplex antibodies. Triplex-forming DNAs are spatially and sequence-specifically associated with distinct centromeres." (submitted).
[Publications] 渡辺良久: "Borders of early and late replication zones are present in and around the human X-inactivation center(XIC):correlation with chromosome band zones." (submitted).
[Publications] 金谷重彦: "Studies of codon usage and tRNA genes of 18 unicellular organisms and quantification of Bacillus subtilis tRNAs:Gene expression level and species-specific diversity of codon usage based on multivariate analysis." Gene. (in press). (1999)
[Publications] 金谷重彦: "Gene classification by self-organization mapping of codon usage in bacteria with completely sequenced genome." Genome Informatics Series. No.9. 369-371 (1998)
[Publications] 安藤麻子: "cDNA cloning,Northern hybridization and mapping analysis of a putative GDS(guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of G proteins)-related protein gene at the centromeric ends of the human and mouse MHC regions." Immunogenetics. (in press). (1999)
[Publications] 中村保一: "Codon usage tabulated from the intenational DNA sequence databases." Nucl.Acids Res.26. 334 (1998)

1998 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

ヒトゲノムGC含量ドメイン構造の解析と遺伝子高密度領域の探索

Principal Investigator

池村 淑道 国立遺伝学研究所, 集団遺伝研究系, 教授 (50025475)

Research Products

[Publications] 大野 みずき: "Non-B DNA structures spatially and sequence-specifically associated with individual centromeres in the human interphase nucleus." Chromosomes Today. 13. in press (1999)

[Publications] 池村 淑道: "Genome and subnuclear organization of non-B forming DNAs in mammalian chromosomes." Cytogenet Cell Genet. 81. 101-102 (1998)

[Publications] 椎名 崇: "Nucleotide sequencing analysis of the 146 kb segment around the IKBL and MICA genes at the centromeric end of the HLA class 1 region." Genomics. 47. 372-382 (1998)

[Publications] 生田 智樹: "Structural analysis of mouse tenascin-X:evolutionary aspects of reduplication of FNIII repeats in the tenascin gene family." Gene. 217. 1-13 (1998)

[Publications] 大野 みずき: "Triplex-forming DNAs in the human interphase nucleus visualized in situ by polypurine/polypyrimidine DNA probes and anti-triplex antibodies. Triplex-forming DNAs are spatially and sequence-specifically associated with distinct centromeres." (submitted).

[Publications] 渡辺 良久: "Borders of early and late replication zones are present in and around the human X-inactivation center(XIC):correlation with chromosome band zones." (submitted).

[Publications] 金谷 重彦: "Studies of codon usage and tRNA genes of 18 unicellular organisms and quantification of Bacillus subtilis tRNAs:Gene expression level and species-specific diversity of codon usage based on multivariate analysis." Gene. (in press). (1999)

[Publications] 金谷 重彦: "Gene classification by self-organization mapping of codon usage in bacteria with completely sequenced genome." Genome Informatics Series. No.9. 369-371 (1998)

[Publications] 安藤 麻子: "cDNA cloning,Northern hybridization and mapping analysis of a putative GDS(guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of G proteins)-related protein gene at the centromeric ends of the human and mouse MHC regions." Immunogenetics. (in press). (1999)

[Publications] 中村 保一: "Codon usage tabulated from the intenational DNA sequence databases." Nucl.Acids Res.26. 334 (1998)

池村淑道国立遺伝学研究所, 集団遺伝研究系, 教授 (50025475)

[Publications] 大野みずき: "Non-B DNA structures spatially and sequence-specifically associated with individual centromeres in the human interphase nucleus." Chromosomes Today. 13. in press (1999)

[Publications] 池村淑道: "Genome and subnuclear organization of non-B forming DNAs in mammalian chromosomes." Cytogenet Cell Genet. 81. 101-102 (1998)

[Publications] 椎名崇: "Nucleotide sequencing analysis of the 146 kb segment around the IKBL and MICA genes at the centromeric end of the HLA class 1 region." Genomics. 47. 372-382 (1998)

[Publications] 生田智樹: "Structural analysis of mouse tenascin-X:evolutionary aspects of reduplication of FNIII repeats in the tenascin gene family." Gene. 217. 1-13 (1998)

[Publications] 大野みずき: "Triplex-forming DNAs in the human interphase nucleus visualized in situ by polypurine/polypyrimidine DNA probes and anti-triplex antibodies. Triplex-forming DNAs are spatially and sequence-specifically associated with distinct centromeres." (submitted).

[Publications] 渡辺良久: "Borders of early and late replication zones are present in and around the human X-inactivation center(XIC):correlation with chromosome band zones." (submitted).

[Publications] 金谷重彦: "Studies of codon usage and tRNA genes of 18 unicellular organisms and quantification of Bacillus subtilis tRNAs:Gene expression level and species-specific diversity of codon usage based on multivariate analysis." Gene. (in press). (1999)

[Publications] 金谷重彦: "Gene classification by self-organization mapping of codon usage in bacteria with completely sequenced genome." Genome Informatics Series. No.9. 369-371 (1998)

[Publications] 安藤麻子: "cDNA cloning,Northern hybridization and mapping analysis of a putative GDS(guanine nucleotide dissociation stimulator of G proteins)-related protein gene at the centromeric ends of the human and mouse MHC regions." Immunogenetics. (in press). (1999)

[Publications] 中村保一: "Codon usage tabulated from the intenational DNA sequence databases." Nucl.Acids Res.26. 334 (1998)