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2000 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Realization of a two-dimensional glass, and the direct observation of its ordered-cluster structure and structural change

Research Project

Project/Area Number 10440169
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B).

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Physical chemistry
Research InstitutionInstitute of Technology

Principal Investigator

OGUNI Masaharu  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Faculty of Science, Professor, 大学院・理工学研究科, 教授 (50144423)

Project Period (FY) 1998 – 2000
KeywordsGlass Transition / Liquid Structure / Cluster / Crystal Nucleation / Crystallization / Scanning Tunneling Microscopy / Calorimetry / Dielectric Measurement
Research Abstract

Science of Supercooled liquids and glasses has not been developed enough because of the aspect that the arrangement of molecules is essentially disordered. The development of ordering in the molecular aggregation, however, plays an important role in their characteristic properties at low temperatures. We have proposed an "ordered-clusters aggregation model" for the structure of those systems. In this research, it was tried first to realize a two-dimensional glass and observe directly the molecular aggregation and its change, and second to discover or elucidate new phenomena based on the proposed model.
1) A scanning tunneling microscope was constructed which works at liquid nitrogen temperature. o-Terphenyl molecules deposited on a graphite surface was identified, but it has not been succeeded yet to form and observe its mono-layer glass.
2) α and β relaxation times of simple benzene-derivatives were investigated dielectrically with systematic change of the substituent groups at 1 and 3- … More positions. While the β relaxation times were rather independent of the size of substituents to within isopropyl group and the presence/absence of hydrogen-bond forming, -OH and NH_2, groups, α relaxation times depended strongly on those factors. The β relaxation strength was appreciably large in the sample cooled rapidly than slowly in the α glass transition region in advance.
3) Homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization was found in total in seven compounds with phenyl rings, indicating that the presence of the ring is important for its observation. It was also indicated to be important for the observation that the orientation of the crystal nucleus should coincide with that of the original crystal.
4) Crystal nucleation was followed for o-benzylphenol after the liquid was cooled very rapidly from above fusion point to below the α glass transition temperature. It was found in a certain temperature region that the crystal nuclei were formed, then extinguished, and formed again after further long duration.
5) In addition to a normal liquid (L_N) phase, another amorphous (L_C) phase was confirmed to exist in triphenylphosphite. Based on the α relaxation properties of the L_N and L_C phases, it was discussed that, in general, the α molecular rearrangement process is controlled by two relatively independent factors : the size of structurally ordered cluster and the degree of the order in the cluster, and that the relaxation time is basically determined by the latter factor. Less

  • Research Products

    (16 results)

All Other

All Publications (16 results)

  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima: "Calorimetric study of triphenylethylene : observation of homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization"J.Chem.Thermodyn.. 30. 509-523 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima: "Numerical and morphological approach to the mechanism of Homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization in o-terphenyl"J.Non-Cryst.Solids. 235-237. 539-547 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Mayumi Mizukami: "Presence of two freezing-in processes concerning α-glass transition in the new liquid phase of triphenylphosphite and its consistency with cluster structure and intra-cluster rearrangement for α-process model"J.Phys.Chem.B. 103・20. 4078-4088 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima: "Microscopic observation of a peculiar crystallization in the glass transition region and β-process as potentially controlling the growth rate in triphenylethylene"J.Mol.Structure. 479. 245-250 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 引間孝明: "フラジル液体における低温結晶化過程"熱測定. 26・5. 173-185 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kazuhisa Kobashi: "Thermodynamic consideration on a series of compounds (CH_3)_nCCl_<4-n> : Correlation between molecular sphericity, configurational ordering/disordering, and molecular packing in plastically crystalline and liquid phases"J.Phys.Chem.B. 103・36. 7687-7694 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Minoru Hanaya: "Discovery of dipolar-glassy state in a newly found solid-solution system of C_5NH_6 (BF_4)_<1-x>(PF_6)_x"Solid State Commun.. 115. 57-62 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroshi Suga: "Amorphous materials and their elucidation by adiabatic calorimetry"Chemical Thermodynamics (A Chemistry for the 21^<st> Century monograph). 227-237 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima et al.: "Calorimetric study of triphenylethylene : observation of homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization"J.Chem.Thermodyn.. 30. 509-523 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima et al.: "Numerical and morphological approach to the mechanism of Homogeneous-nucleation-based crystallization in o-terphenyl"J.Non-Cryst.Solids. 235-237. 539-547 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Mayumi Mizukami et al.: "Presence of two freezing-in processes concerning α-glass transition in the new liquid phase of triphenylphosphite and its consistency with cluster structure and intra-cluster rearrangement for α-process model"J.Phys.Chem.B.. 103(20). 4078-4088 (1998)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima et al.: "Microscopic observation of a peculiar crystallization in the glass transition region and β-process as potentially controlling the growth rate in triphenylethylene"J.Nol.Structure.. 479. 245-250 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takaaki Hikima et al.: "Low-temperature crystallization in fragile liquids"Netsu Sokutei. 26(5). 173-185 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kazuhisa Kobashi & Masaharu Oguni: "Thermodynamic consideration on a series of compounds : (CH_3)_nCCl_<4-n> Correlation between molecular sphericity, configurational ordering/disordering, and molecular packing in plastically crystalline and liquid phases"J.Phys.Chem.B.. 103(36). 7687-7694 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hiroshi Suga & Masaharu Oguni: "Amorphous materials and their elucidation by adiabatic calorimetry"Chemical Thermodynamics (A Chemistry for the 21^<st> Century monograph). 227-237 (1999)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Minoru Hanaya et al.: "Discovery of dipolar-glassy state in a newly found solid-solution system of C_5NH_6(BF_4)_<1-x>(PF_6)_x"Solid State Commun.. 115. 57-62 (2000)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2002-03-26  

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