| Research Abstract |
After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there was a continuous situation that 'if any article has a slight savor of criticism or satire, it will be regarded as a plot against the regime' (comments of Lin Bin-Yan), and the author will be cruelly oppressed Even under such severe conditions, however some literati and artists who have an indomitable critical spirit peculiar to the Chinese excoriated the establishment ingeniously but scathingly. The purpose of this study is to show some 'aspects' of satire in modern China ; the subject-of the research is novels and the literary criticism of these literati and artists.
As for the novels, I presented a paper, "A Study of 'Satirical Story' in Modern China" (The Bulletin of the Faculty of Law and Letters, Humanities, 5) ; and concerning the literary criticism, an article, "A study on Lao-She (**)'s life and work in the People's Republic of China" (The Bulletin of the Facu1ty of Law and Letters, Humanities, 7).
In a series of studies
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I have shown that the writer Ma Shi-Tu who also held an executive position in the party and was a high-ranking government official in the Si Chun Province, produced many satirical novels which brought light social problems, and especially much corruption in public offices. For further details of the contents of his writing see the article in this report, 'Satire in Novel Composition ; The Selected Satiric Novels of Ma Shi-Tu (『********』)'.
Regarding the literary criticism, I shall focus on the insistence made by Lao-She after the founding of the People's Republic. Although it has been shown in various studies that he act dies that he acted as 'Ge De Pai 「***」' an admire of the policy of the government and the leaders of the party, in fact he was very interested in the creation of the satiric novel. Furthermore, in the period of 'Bai Hua Ji Tang, Bai Jia Zheng Ming 「********」', he emphasized the necessity for drastic satire. The paper in this report, "Satire in the theory of literature : Lao-She and his Satire", provides the properties and the nature of Lao-She's 'Satiric Literature' within the light of changes in his speech and action.
Moreover, to understand clearly the whole picture of this two-year research project, this report includes some basic materials of Ma Shi-Tu (a brief summary of Ma Shi-Tu's career, a list of Ma Shi-Tu's works, a bibliography of the research of Ma Shi-Tu) about which little is known in Japan, and the original text with the translation of the articles concerning Lao-she's literary criticism of satire. Less
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