性決定・性分化の分子機構に関する研究

1999 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 10660268
• Research Institution: NAGOYA UNIVERSITY
• Principal Investigator: 島田 清司 名古屋大学, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 教授 (40065579)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 齋藤 昇 名古屋大学, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 助手 (40211924)
• Keywords: ニワトリ / in situ hybridization / PCR / アロマターゼ / 抗ミューラー管ホルモン / アンドロジェンレセプター / 性分化 / 生殖腺

Research Abstract

鳥類の性は、遺伝的に受精の時点で決定される。すなわち、性染色体の対合がホモ(ZZ)の個体は雄に、ヘテロ(ZW)の個体は雌に決められ、それぞれの生殖腺は精巣か卵巣に誘導される。しかしながら、性の決定に関する遺伝子的発現と性分化の機序については不明な点が多い。ニワトリ初期胚において、生殖腺の分化に関係すると考えられる抗ミューラー管ホルモン(AMH)、P450_<c17hydroxylase>(P450_<c17>)およびP450_<aromatase>(P450_<arom>)のmRNAの発現をin situハイブリダイゼーションにより調べた.AMHのmRNA、雄の生殖腺において孵卵5日から発現が見られ、以後著しく増加したが、雌では発現が殆ど見られなかった。P450_<c17>は、孵卵5日から雌雄ともに発現が見られた。P450_<arom>は、AMHとは異なり雌の生殖腺において孵卵5日から発現が見られ、以後著しく増加したが、雄では発現が殆ど見られなかった。孵卵3日に、アロマターゼインヒビターを投与すると、雌でのP450_<arom>発現が抑制され、AMHの発現が誘起された。また、孵卵3日にエストラジオールを投与すると、雄においてAMH発現が抑制され、P450_<arom>の発現が誘起された。以上の結果から、AMHとP450_<arom>は拮抗的な役割を持ち、それぞれが雄と雌の性分化に重要な役割と有していることが示唆された。

Research Products

• [Publications] 島田 清司: "雄と雌が決まる仕組み ; 魚から鳥、哺乳類まで"生命誌. 7. 4-9 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Effects of naloxone on the anorexic action by glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)in the neonatal chick"Japanese Poultry Science. 36. 109-115 (1999)
• [Publications] Furuse M.: "Central gastrin inhibits feeding behavior and food passage in neonatal chicks"Life Sciences. 65. 305-311 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Intraventricular injection of glucagon-like peptide-1 inhibits water intake of the neonatal chick"Japanese Poultry Science. 36. 229-235 (1999)
• [Publications] Saito N.: "Gene expression of arginin vasotocin in ovarian and uterine tissues of the chicken"Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Science. 12. 695-701 (1999)
• [Publications] Saito N.: "Effects of naloxone on neurohypophysial peptides release by hypertonic stimulation in chicks"Genaral and Comparative Endocrinology. 115. 228-235 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Influence of intracerebroventicular administration of morphine and kyotrophin on food intake of the neonatal chick"Japanese Poultry Science. 36. 319-324 (1999)
• [Publications] Ieda T.: "Effect of low calcium diet on messenger ribonucleic acid levels of calbindin-D28K of intestine and shell gland in laying hens in relation to egg shell quality."Japanese Poultry Science. 36. 295-303 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Effects of substitution of N-terminal amino acid of glucagon-like peptide-1(7-36)amid on food intake of the neunatal chick."Life Sciences. 25. PL295-PL299 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Intracerebroventricularly administration of glucagon-like peptide-1 induces sleeplike behavior in the neonatal chick"Japanese Poultry Science. 36. 377-381 (1999)
• [Publications] Kansaku N.: "Expression of messenger ribonucleic acids of luteinizing hormone receptor,P450 17α-hydroxylase and P450 aromatase in isolated grnulosa,theca interna and theca externa layers of chicken ovarian follicles during follicular growth"Animal Science Journal. 70. 12-17 (1999)
• [Publications] Bungo T.: "Effects of substitution N-terminal amino acid of glucagen-like peptide-1(7-36)amide on food intake of the neonatal chick."Life Sciences. 25. PL295-PL299 (1999)
• [Publications] Tan F.-1: "Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a vasotocin receptor subtype that is expressed in the shell gland and brain of the domestic chicken."Biology of Reproduction. 62. 8-15 (2000)
• [Publications] Nishikimi H.: "Sex differentiation and mRNA expression of P450c17,P450arom and AMH in gonades of the chicken"Molecular Reproduction and Development. 55. 20-30 (2000)
• [Publications] Suzuki.T.: "Cytogenetical assignment of 29 functional genes on chicken microchomosomes by FISH"Cytogenetics Cell Genet.. in press. (2000)
• [Publications] Suzuki.T.: "Comparative FISH mapping on Z chromosomes of chicken and Japanese quail"Cytogenetic Cell Ganet.. 87. 22-26 (1999)
• [Publications] Sasaki T.,: "Regulation of opioid peptides on the release of arginine vasotocin in the hen"Journal of Experimental Zoology. in press. (2000)
• [Publications] Ieda T.: "Changes in parathyroid hormone related peptide receptor binding in the shell gland of laying hens(Gallus domesticus)duiring the oviposition cycle"General and Comparative Endocrinology. in press. (2000)
• [Publications] Suzuki T.: "Cytogenetical mapping of thirty-one functional genes on chicken chromosomes by the direct R-banding FISH"Cytogenetic Cell Ganet. 87. 32-40 (1999)
• [Publications] Kikuchi M.: "Recent Progress in Molecular and Comparative Endocrinology"Hormone Research Center. 625 (1999)
• [Publications] Kikuchi M.: "Recent Progress in Molecular and Comparative Endocrinology"Hormone Research Center. 625 (1999)
• [Publications] Kikuchi M.: "Recent Progress in Molecular and Comparative Endocrinology"Hormone Research Center. 625 (1999)