2000 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Code-Switching By Japanese/English Bilinguals (Koudo Suitchingu Ni Chuumokushita Nigengo Heiyousya No Danwa Koudou No Kenkyuu)
| Project/Area Number |
10831009
|
|---|
| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
|
| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
|---|
| Section | 一般 |
|---|
| Research Field |
談話(ディスコース)
|
|---|
| Research Institution | Chukyo University |
|---|
Principal Investigator |
CYNTHIA PATSCHKE Chukyo University Dept.Of Liberal Arts Assoc Prof, 教養部, 助教授 (10278244)
|
|---|
| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TSUZUKI Masako Chukyo University Dept.Of Liberal Arts, Prof, 教養部, 教授 (00227448)
SHIRAI Hidetoshi Chukyo University, Dept.Of Information Sciences, Assoc.Prof, 情報科学部, 助教授 (10134462)
MIYAKE Naomi Chukyo University, Dept.Of Information Sciences, Prof, 情報科学部, 教授 (00174144)
|
|---|
| Project Period (FY) |
1998 – 2000
|
| Keywords | BILINGUALS / CODE-SWITCHING / DISCOURSE / CONVERSATIONAL DATA / JAPANESE / ENGLISH USE |
|---|
| Research Abstract |
The aim of this research is to describe language development of bilinguals and is concerned specifically with language choice, the question of one or two lexicons, and how linguistic awareness develops. In order to approach these questions posed above, we collected longitudinal data of preschoolers and latitudinal data of elementary age children and above. Five papers have resulted during this time, presented at three international conferences overseas and two domestic. "The Acquisition of Deictics in Japanese/English Bilingual Children" develops a rough ordering of the onset of ko-, a-, and so-type deictics and how they line up with here, there, this, and that. We determine that the concept of personal versus impersonal "realm" develops along with and within the development of proximal and distal. "The Development of the Hybrid Complement Clause Structure by Bilingual Children" looks at the development of the hybrid embedded sentential clause according to age groups to find that while
… More
there is some experimentation with the hybrid complex sentence between age 8 and 12, full and "correct" use doesn't occur until at ter age 12. "Sentence Final Particles and Age Difference in Japanese/English Code-Switching" found that the use of Japanese sentence final particles with English sentences doesn't occur until past age 15, shedding light on the pragmatic awareness of older children in choosing this form of mixing within ingroups. "Bilingual Children Who Speak One Language" looks at the children who speak only Japanese in spite of being exposed to English from birth. Their full participation in English conversations with Japanese shows age-appropriate bilingual development which appears to be receptive only. "Code-mixing as a Natural Language" looks at an adolescent ingroup's use of code-mixing to show mixing is natural and necessary to this demographic by looking at linguistic and sociolinguistic factors. An overview of these results show that code-mixing in the early years is not strategical nor necessarily functional (purposeful). While the young children are aware of their ability to use one or two languages with their addressees, their use of two languages intrasententially is limited and often subconscious. Bilingual children nearly stop mixing when they enter elementary school, and develop their languages quite independent of the other. Then as they enter adolescence or older, they will mix in their ingroups to a higher degree to meet their bicultural needs. Rules from ingroup to ingroup appear to differ slightly. The very few examples of more complex mixing by the age group 8 to 12 was addressed to the older bilingual, rather than to the younger, and was often "ungrammatical" as judged by the older bilingual, as though the younger was in a phase of experimentation. Sublexical (intraword) mixing rules are determined by the ingroup rules and differ slightly. Less
|
