2000 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

雪氷層への混入する諸物質の堆積安定化機構の解明

Research Project

Project/Area Number	11480134
Research Institution	National Institute of Polar Research
Principal Investigator	渡辺興亜国立極地研究所, 所長 (60111861)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	本山秀明国立極地研究所, 研究系, 助教授 (20210099) 神山孝吉国立極地研究所, 研究系, 教授 (70135507) 藤井理行国立極地研究所, 北極圏環境研究センター, 教授 (20125214) 五十嵐誠国立極地研究所, 研究系, COE非常勤研究員東久美子国立極地研究所, 研究系, 助教授 (80202620)
Keywords	積雪 / 酸素同位体組成 / 溶存化学成分 / 寒冷・温暖変態過程 / 積雪層内温度勾配 / 極域堆積環境
Research Abstract	本年度の研究の経過と成果 1.実験試料の採取:実験試料として望ましい積雪試料は、均質な酸素同位体組成および溶存化学成分を鉛直方向に一定以上の厚さで保持しているものである。また堆積後、温暖変態または寒冷変態を受ける以前の比較的新しい積雪でなければならない。このような積雪試料を実験的に作成するのは極めて困難である。この条件に適した試料採取を北海道、札幌近郊中山峠において実施し、鉛直方向の厚さ25cmをもつ新雪試料を0.3 m3採取した。同時に試料採取地点において、積雪試料を採取した同じ積雪層で断面観測を実施し、積雪試料の持つ初期条件の解析を行った。 2.室内実験 2-1.温度勾配自動調整装置付恒温槽の性能試験平成11〜12年度予算を用いて温度勾配自動調整装置付恒温槽(以下恒温槽)を制作した。今年度はこの恒温槽を用いて寒冷・温暖変態過程の再現実験を行うため、恒温槽内に試験的に積雪試料を入れ、試料の上下に設置した冷却板の温度条件を変化させ試料内に形成される温度勾配を測定した。その結果、鉛直方向に最大1℃/cm程度の温度勾配を作り出すことができるという見解を得た。この性能実験によって、本研究に使用する恒温槽は極域の積雪層を十分再現できるものであることが明らかとなった。 2-2.実験用試料の作成野外採取の実験試料を用いて:(1)降雪-堆積直後の自然雪初源試料、(2)堆積初期に寒冷変態を受けた変態雪試料、(3)完全に人為的組み合わせによる層位構造試料、以上3種の試料のうち(2)、(3)について、寒冷・温暖変態過程の再現実験に適した積雪試料の作成を現在試みているところである。試料作成後、極域堆積環境で生じる範囲の積雪層内温度勾配を実験的に作り出し、試料に含まれる諸物質の濃度、組成、雪試料の物理的性質変化を調べる予定である.

Research Products

(18 results)

All Other

All Publications (18 results)

[Publications] Motoyama,H.: "Distribution of chemical constituents in superimposed ice from Austre Broggerbreen, Spitsbergen."Geografiska Annaler. 82A・1. 33-38 (2000)
[Publications] 飯塚芳徳: "スバールバル諸島アウストフォンナ氷帽頂上における融解による積雪中化学主成分の流出."雪氷. 62・3. 245-254 (2000)
[Publications] 神山孝吉: "極域各種水試料中の低濃度HTO測定のための電解濃縮を含めた液体シンチレーション法の検討."南極試料. 44・2. 83-96 (2000)
[Publications] Igarashi,M.: "Stable oxygen isotope ratio observed in the precipitation at Ny-Alesund in Svalbard, Arctic."Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)
[Publications] Fujii,Y.: "210-year ice core records of dust storm, volcanic eruption and acidification at Site-J,Greenland"Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)
[Publications] Watanabe,O.: "Studies on climatic and environmental changes during the last few hundred years using ice cores from various sites in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard."Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)
[Publications] 藤井理行: "氷床に記録された地球環境変動."日本エネルギー学会誌. 79. 1143-1158 (2000)
[Publications] 藤井理行: "ロシア・アルタイ山脈ソフィスキー氷河における雪氷観測"雪氷. 62. 549-556 (2000)
[Publications] Gerald Holdsworth: "Atmospheric Teleconnection between Japan and the Saint Elias Mountains, Yukon"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Makoto Igarashi: "Stable oxygen isotope ratio observed in the precipitation at Ny-Alesund in Svalbard."Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Roy M.Koerner: "Sudden climatic change."Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press).
[Publications] Yoshiyuki Fujii: "210-year ice core records of dust storm, volcanic eruptions and acidification at Site-J,Greenland"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Hitoshi Shoji: "Japanese glaciological study efforts in North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Okitsugu Watanabe: "Studies on climatic and environmental changes during the last few hundred years using ice cores from various sites in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Kokichi Kamiyama: "Field observations of the Japanese Arctic Glaciological Expeditions in Svalbard from 1993 to 1995"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Hideaki Motoyama: "Activities of the Japanese Arctic Glaciological Expedition in 1999 (JAGE 1999)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] Nozomu Takeuchi: "Biological characteristics of dark colored material (cryoconite) on Canadian Arctic glaciers (Devon and Penny ice cap)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)
[Publications] 五十嵐誠: "雪.身近な気象・気候調査の基礎,牛山素行編."古今書院. 15 (2000)

2000 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

雪氷層への混入する諸物質の堆積安定化機構の解明

Principal Investigator

渡辺 興亜 国立極地研究所, 所長 (60111861)

Research Products

[Publications] Motoyama,H.: "Distribution of chemical constituents in superimposed ice from Austre Broggerbreen, Spitsbergen."Geografiska Annaler. 82A・1. 33-38 (2000)

[Publications] 飯塚芳徳: "スバールバル諸島アウストフォンナ氷帽頂上における融解による積雪中化学主成分の流出."雪氷. 62・3. 245-254 (2000)

[Publications] 神山孝吉: "極域各種水試料中の低濃度HTO測定のための電解濃縮を含めた液体シンチレーション法の検討."南極試料. 44・2. 83-96 (2000)

[Publications] Igarashi,M.: "Stable oxygen isotope ratio observed in the precipitation at Ny-Alesund in Svalbard, Arctic."Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)

[Publications] Fujii,Y.: "210-year ice core records of dust storm, volcanic eruption and acidification at Site-J,Greenland"Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)

[Publications] Watanabe,O.: "Studies on climatic and environmental changes during the last few hundred years using ice cores from various sites in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard."Mem.Natl Inst.Polar Res.,Spec.Issue. 54(印刷中). (2001)

[Publications] 藤井理行: "氷床に記録された地球環境変動."日本エネルギー学会誌. 79. 1143-1158 (2000)

[Publications] 藤井理行: "ロシア・アルタイ山脈ソフィスキー氷河における雪氷観測"雪氷. 62. 549-556 (2000)

[Publications] Gerald Holdsworth: "Atmospheric Teleconnection between Japan and the Saint Elias Mountains, Yukon"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Makoto Igarashi: "Stable oxygen isotope ratio observed in the precipitation at Ny-Alesund in Svalbard."Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Roy M.Koerner: "Sudden climatic change."Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press).

[Publications] Yoshiyuki Fujii: "210-year ice core records of dust storm, volcanic eruptions and acidification at Site-J,Greenland"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Hitoshi Shoji: "Japanese glaciological study efforts in North Greenland Ice Core Project (NGRIP)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Okitsugu Watanabe: "Studies on climatic and environmental changes during the last few hundred years using ice cores from various sites in Nordaustlandet, Svalbard"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Kokichi Kamiyama: "Field observations of the Japanese Arctic Glaciological Expeditions in Svalbard from 1993 to 1995"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Hideaki Motoyama: "Activities of the Japanese Arctic Glaciological Expedition in 1999 (JAGE 1999)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] Nozomu Takeuchi: "Biological characteristics of dark colored material (cryoconite) on Canadian Arctic glaciers (Devon and Penny ice cap)"Memoirs of NIPR Special issue, Environmental Research in the Arctic 2000. (in press). (2001)

[Publications] 五十嵐誠: "雪.身近な気象・気候調査の基礎,牛山素行 編."古今書院. 15 (2000)

渡辺興亜国立極地研究所, 所長 (60111861)

[Publications] 五十嵐誠: "雪.身近な気象・気候調査の基礎,牛山素行編."古今書院. 15 (2000)