2001 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Implementation of Analog Integrated Circuits for Motion-Detection Network Based on Retina and Brain
| Project/Area Number |
11555013
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 展開研究 |
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| Research Field |
Applied optics/Quantum optical engineering
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| Research Institution | Toyohashi University of Technology |
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Principal Investigator |
YONEZU Hiroo Toyohashi University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (90191668)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
OHSHIMA Naoki Toyohashi University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Lecturer, 工学部, 講師 (70252319)
FURUKAWA Yuzo Toyohashi University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Research Associate, 工学部, 助手 (20324486)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2001
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| Keywords | retina / brain / motion detection / edge detection / dendrite / analog network / analog integrated circuit |
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| Research Abstract |
In human and animal brains, the motion of a target is detected from a two-dimensional picture imaged in their retinas. The motion detection that is given to even low-level animals is expected to be widely applied to systems for the collision avoidance of vehicles, the eye of robots and others. In this study, we tried to establish the fundamental technologies of analog Integrated circuits for the motion detection based on the functions of biological retinas and brains, particularly the brain of low-level animals.
Firstly, a simple fundamental circuit for local adaptation was developed. It was confirmed by circuit simulation as well as measured results of test chips that the signal intensity of the edge of targets was almost kept in a given range by varying spatial resolution against widely varied brightness. In order to increase the sensitivity at the input stage constructed with photodiodes, two types of amplifiers were set. One is an amplifier for very small photocurrent and the other
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is for conventional photocurrent. As a result, the dynamic range was increased by seven orders of magnitudes. Secondly, an analog network for two-dimensional motion detection was developed based on the brain function of insects. It was confirmed by circuit simulation that the speed and direction of an approaching object could be obtained by detecting the increasing rate of edge lengths. Forming a binary output in the edge detection circuit, which was connected with the motion detection circuit, prevented the propagation of the error of analog computation. Thirdly, we utilized the spatio-temporal information of dendrites in which the delay time of the signal depends on the location of synaptic connections and spatial information is given by the spatial distribution of the synaptic connections. A fundamental network was constructed with simple fundamental circuits. As a result, it was clarified by circuit simulation that the spatio-temporal information can be obtained. Both of the edge detection and motion detection can be done in a single network. This fundamental network is extensive in neuromorphic vision systems. Less
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