2001 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
The Historical Studies of Japanese Language in the Buddhist Chants
| Project/Area Number |
11610436
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
国語学
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| Research Institution | HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
NUMOTO Katsuaki Hiroshima University, Postgraduate Course of Education, Professor, 大学院・教育学研究科, 教授 (40033500)
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| Project Period (FY) |
1999 – 2001
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| Keywords | Buddhist Chant / Fushi-Hakase / Kunten Materials / Japanese Language / Phonology |
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| Research Abstract |
One of the purposes was to determine the origin of Fushi-Hakase that shows the musical scores of the liturgical chanting texts and to follow up these developments historically in Japan.
I proved that the first usage of Fushi-Hakase (musical scores) in Japan was in Sanskrit melody of the Tantric Buddhist Texts, and the original Fushi-Hakase corresponds to commentaries used in Chinese Texts. Therefore, I showed that the earlier liturgical chantings had been keeping long vowels and short vowels of original Sanskrit pronunciations. In addition, I proved that four tone marks of the Tantric Buddhist Texts are not accent marks but vowel-length marks.
It was my second purpose to represent the histories of Japanese Phonology and inscribed rules of musical scores in detail after deciphering them.
I proved there is some possibility that not only the lingual ju-sheng sounds but also the throat ju-sheng sounds have been kept in Japanese until the Kamakura period. Furthermore, the [p-] sound had already come into the Ha-line sounds in back of the soku-on and hatsu-on in the Kamakura period.
My third purpose was to exactly denote the historical advances of Sino-Japanese readings in the Buddhist scriptures composed with one part of the liturgical chantings.
I researched the Sino-Japanese readings of the Heian and Kamakura periods and I described the Japanized processes of Chinese pronunciations.
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