2000 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

複雑系としての生命システムの解析

Research Project

Project/Area Number	11CE2006
Research Institution	The University of Tokyo
Principal Investigator	金子邦彦東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (30177513)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	四方哲也大阪大学, 工学部, 助教授 (00222399) 菅原正東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (50124219) 浅島誠東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (00090564) 池上高志東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 助教授 (10211715) 川戸佳東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (50169736)
Keywords	構成的生物学 / 自己複製系 / 細胞分化 / アクチビン / 記憶 / 微細加工 / 同所的種分化 / 共生
Research Abstract	化学反応系からの人工生命構築に向けて、リポソーム内タンパク合成、人工リポソーム複製系の構築に成功した。また、大腸菌細胞集団の分化の操作、アクチビンなどによる発生過程の構築と操作、粘菌と大腸菌の共生などで進展があった。さらに、構成的生物学の基本的手法としての微細加工、1細胞操作の技術をつくりあげた。一方、発生、進化過程の普遍的性質を捉える力学系理論研究を進めた。各班での進展状況は以下の通りである。人工複製系構築班: 構成的手法により、細胞複製系の原型を創る実験を進めた。まず、四方らは人工生命へ向けて、リポソーム内でDNA->mRNA->たんぱく質の反応系を構築し、その成功を蛍光によってこれを確認した。これによりリポソーム内のRNA合成系が完成した。ついで菅原らはジャイアントベシクルの新しい脱水縮合型自己増殖系を構築し、増殖過程をリアルタイムで顕微鏡下で観察することに成功した。この系は前駆体が2種でかつベシクル膜そのものが反応触媒であること、反応が膜中で進行することなどの点が単純な複製系とは異なる特性である。さらに性質が全く異なる2種の両親媒性分子のベシクルどうしを共存させ、2種のベシクルの動的構造形成の競い合いという、従来にないベシクルの動的挙動を見出した。この挙動は蛍光色の異なる3種の膜プローブを新たに合成することで画像解析している。関連して、池上らは膜を持った細胞要素の形成過程のモデルを構成した。また、安田のたちあげた微細加工技術を用いてオリジナルマイクロストラクチャー基板を用いた、安定した一様粒径ジャイアントベシクルの作製法を開発した。一方、四方らは試験管の中での自己複製系の研究を進めて再帰的な増殖での少数の遺伝子の意義を明らかにした。これに対応して金子らは複製系での情報を担う分子の出現がゆらぎの多い増殖系の一般的性質であるという理論を構築した。分子のゆらぎの多い反応増殖系で、まれな状態が増幅選択されることが理論的に示され、人工的な細胞集団系の構築にも関連してくるであろう。発生過程制御班四方らは大腸菌を細胞分化させるためのミニネットワークを構成する遺伝系構築を完了した。プラスミドにより相互抑制ネットワークをうめこんだものであり、GFP、RFPを通して細胞状態の変化を蛍光で観測できる系である。これにより、この大腸菌集団が相互作用によって状態を分化させることが蛍 … More 光で確認された。浅島らはアニマルキャップといわれる未分化の細胞から、アクチビン分子の濃度、レチノイン酸、con-Aの濃度とそのタイミングの違いにより、ツメガエルの組織のほぼすべてをつくり出すことに成功した。特に、アクチビンの濃度、細胞数を制御パラメータとして心臓形成の頻度の変化を明らかにした。後者は集団の各細胞への影響という複雑系としての性質を抽出している。さらに、この組織を発生段階の生体に戻して心臓としての機能をはたすことを確認した。一方で理論では空間的な相互作用と細胞内部のダイナミクスの不安定性を利用して細胞分化、組織が形成されることが示された。また、細胞が全能性を失い、順次決定されていく段階を多様性の減少などにより表現され、その過程が一般的であることが示された。こうした不可逆性を力学系で追うための理論的準備として佐々らは力学系の操作に対する不可逆性の一般理論を展開している。このような実験と理論の関係を明確につけていくには細胞の性質をフローサイトメトリーで分離し、細胞の性質の分布の変化を追う必要がある。そのためにアニマルキャップの細胞の分離を進めた。また、金子と四方は、相互作用による表現型の分化が遺伝型の進化を促すという種分化の理論をまとめあげ、発表した。交配でのえりごのみ過程を前提とせず、安定した同所的種分化をおこすはじめての一般的理論である。この理論の実験室での検証に向けて、四方らは大腸菌人工進化系での細胞間相互作用の効果を解析した。さらに、四方らは粘菌と大腸菌の共生関係形成に際しての新たな化学成分の合成を明らかにし、共生が世代を超えて伝わっていく過程を明らかにしている。 *動的生命解析班マイクロ加工技術を応用した1細胞長期培養観測装置系を開発し、容器内に孤立した大腸菌1細胞の細胞成長と分裂周期の解析などの「1細胞計測」を開始した。また光ピンセットと組み合わせることで、容器内の細胞数を制御したり、特定の細胞を相互作用させ、「細胞相互作用」の計測を行うことも可能となった。これにより1細胞を制御して操作し培養、解析する実験技術の基本ができあがった。上記の大腸菌分化の実験をこの方法で解析することも準備している。また、細胞の持つダイナミックなメモリー構造の探索の準備として、不死化神経細胞の培養系や焦点顕微鏡での測定をたちあげるとともに上記技術での制御培養操作系の準備を進めた。一方、理論では、異なる時間スケールの要素が結合した力学系を用いて動的記憶の生成過程を解析している。 Less

Research Products

(54 results)

All Other

All Publications (54 results)

[Publications] C.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Origin of complexity in multicellular organisms"Phys.Rev.Lett.. 84. 6130-6133 (2000)
[Publications] A.Togashi and K.Kaneko: "Digitality Induced Transition in a Small Autocatalytic System"Phys.Rev.Lett.. 86. 2459 (2001)
[Publications] K.Kaneko and T.Yomo: "Sympatric Speciation : compliance with phenotype diversification from a single genotype"Proc.Roy.Soc.B. 267. 2367-2373 (2000)
[Publications] K.Kaneko and C.Furusawa: "Robust and irreversible development in cell soceity as a general consequence of intra-inter dynamics"Physica A. 280. 23-33 (2000)
[Publications] B.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Theory of Robustness of Irreversible Differentiation in a Stem Cell System : Chaos Hypothesis"J.Theor.Biol.. in press. (2001)
[Publications] C.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Complex Orgnization in multicullarity as a necessity in evolution"Artificial Life6. No.4. (2000)
[Publications] H.Takagi,K.Kaneko,and T.Yomo: "Evolution of genetic code through isologous diversification of cellular states"Artificial Life. 6 No.4. (2000)
[Publications] K.Fujimoto and K.Kaneko: "Sensitive boundary condition dependence of noise-sustained structure"Phys.Rev.E. 63 No.3. (2001)
[Publications] N.Kataoka and K.Kaneko: "Functional Dynamics I"Physica D. 138. 225-250 (2000)
[Publications] N.Kataoka and K.Kaneko: "Functional Dynamics II"Physica D. 149. 174-196 (2001)
[Publications] E.Akiyama and K.Kaneko: "Dynamical Systems Game Theory and Dynamics of Games"Physica D. 147. 221-258 (2000)
[Publications] N.Nakagawa and K.Kaneko: "Energy Absorption and Storage in a Hamiltonian System in Partial Contact with a Heat Bath"J.Phys.Soc.Japan. 69. 36-39 (2000)
[Publications] J Ito and K Kaneko: "Self-organized hierarchical structure in a plastic network of chaotic units"Neural Networks. 13. 275-281 (2000)
[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてI"パリティ. vol 15. 4-11 (2000)
[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてII"パリティ. vol 15. 4-13 (2000)
[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてIII"パリティ. vol 15. 21-25 (2000)
[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系としての生命システムの論理を求めて"物理学会誌. 55. 508-518 (2000)
[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の問題"数理科学. No.441. 28-36 (2000)
[Publications] K.Kaneko and I.Tsuda: "Complex Systems : Chaos and Beyond-A Constructive Approach with Applications in Life Sciences"Springer. 1-273 (2000)
[Publications] Ichikawa,T.,Yamada,M.,Honma,D.,Cherry,R.J.,Morrison,and Kawato,S.: "Digital fluorescence imaging of trafficking of endosomes containing low density lipoprotein in brain astroglial cells"Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.. 269. 25-30 (2000)
[Publications] H.Mukai,S.Uchino and S.Kawato: "Effects of neurosteroids on Ca2+ signaling mediated by recombinant NMDA receptor expressed in CHO cells"Neurosci.Lett. 282. 93-96 (2000)
[Publications] K.Kaneko and T.Yomo: "Isologous Diversification for Robust Development of Cell Society"J.Theor.Biol.. 199. 243-256 (1999)
[Publications] K.Fujimoto and K.Kaneko: "Noise Induced Boundary Dependence through Convective Instability"Physica D. 129. 203-222 (1999)
[Publications] K.Hashimoto and T.Ikegami: "Heteroclinic Chaos, Chaotic Itinerancy and Neutral Attractors in Symmetrical Replicator Equations with Mutations"J.Phys.Soc.Japan. 70. 349-352 (2001)
[Publications] K.Harada and T.Ikegami: "Evolution of Specificity in an Immune Network"J.Theor.Biol. 203. 439-449. (2000)
[Publications] N.Ono and T.Ikegami: "Self-maintenance and Self-reproduction in an Abstract Cell Model"J.Theor.Biol. 206. 243-253. (2000)
[Publications] 池上高志: "進化研究のコンセプトを語る(8)人工生命のアプローチ"遺伝. 99-103 (2000)
[Publications] 池上高志: "生命進化を理解する"パリティー. Vol.15 No.10. 20-26. (2000)
[Publications] Koji Yamada,Taro Toyota,Katsuto Takakura,Masako Ishimaru,and Tadashi Sugawara: "Preparation of BODIPY Probes for Multicolor Fluorescence Imaging in Dynamic Study of Membranes"New Journal of Chemistry. (in press).
[Publications] Nakashima,T.,Ishiguro,N.,Yamaguchi,M.,Yamauchi,A.,Shima,Y.,Nozaki,C.,Urabe,I.,Yomo,T: "Construction and characterization of a phage library displaying artificial proteins with random sequences."J.Biosci.Bioeng.. vol.90 No.3,. 253-259 (2000)
[Publications] Kashiwagi,A.,Noumachi,W.,Katsuno,M.,Alam,M.T.,Urabe,I.,Yomo,T.: "Plasticity of fitness and diversification process during an experimental molecular evolution"J.Mol.Evol. (In Press.). (2001)
[Publications] Onuma,Y.,Nishihra,R.,Takahashi,S.,Tanegashima,K.,Fukui,A.and Asashima,M.: "Expression of the Xenopus GTP-binding protein gene Ran during embryogenesis"Develop.Gene and Evolution. 210,. 325-327 (2000)
[Publications] Moriya,N.,Komazaki,S.and Asashima,M.: "In vitro organogenesis of pancreas in Xenopus laevis dorsal lips treated with retinoic acid"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 175-185 (2000)
[Publications] Kuroda,H.,Hayata,T.,Eisake,A.and Asashima M.: "Cloning a novel developmental regulating gene, Xotx5 : its potential role in anterior formation in Xenopus laevis"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 87-93 (2000)
[Publications] Oka,T.,Shiojimaj,I.,Monzen,K.,Kudoh,S.,Hiroi,Y.,Shiokawa,K.,Asashima,M.,Nagai,R.Yazaki,Y.and Komuro,I.: "FGF Plays a Critical Role in SM22 α Expression during Xenopus Embryogenesis"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 907-914 (2000)
[Publications] Asashima,M.,Ariizumi,T.and Malacinski,G.M.: "Control of organogenesis and gene expression during early amphibian development"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. (in press). (2000)
[Publications] Malacinski,G.M.,Ariizumi,T.and Asashima,M: "The renaissance in amphibian embryology"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 126. 179-187 (2000)
[Publications] Sato,A.,Asashima,M.,Yokota,T.and Nishinakamura,R.: "Gene expression pattern Cloing and expression pattern of a Xenopus pronephros-specific gene, XSMP-30"Mech.Dev. 92,. 273-275 (2000)
[Publications] Eisaki,A.,Kuroda,H.,Fukui,A.and Asashima,M.: "XSIP1, a Member of Two-Handed Zinc Finger Proteins, Induced Anterior Neural Markers in Xenopus laevis Animal Cap"Biochemical and Biophysical Res.Com.. 271,. 151-157 (2000)
[Publications] Chan,Te-Chuan and Asashima,M.: "Development of the embryonic kidney"Clin.Exp.Nephrol,. 4,. 1-10 (2000)
[Publications] Tanaka,K.,Okabayashi,K.,Asashima,M.Perrimon,N.and Kadowaki,T.: "The evolutionarily conserved porcupine gene family is involved in the processing of the Wnt family"Eur.J.Biochem.. 267. 1-13 (2000)
[Publications] Fukui,A.,Kishida,S.Kikuchi,A.and Asashima,M.: "Effect of rat Axin domains on axis formation in Xenopus embryos"Develop.Growth & Differ.. 42(5). 489-498 (2000)
[Publications] Moriya,N.,Komazaki,S.,Takahashi,S.,Yokota,C.and Asashima,M.: "In vitro pancreas formation from Xenopus ectoderm treated with activin and retinoic acid"Develop.Growth & Differ. 42(6). 593-602 (2000)
[Publications] Kadoya,T.,Kishida,S.,Fukui,A.,Hinoi,T.,Michiue,T.,Asashima,M.and Kikuchi,A.: "Inhibition of Wnt Signaling Pathway by A Novel Axin-binding Protein"J.Biol.Chem. 275(47). 37030-37037
[Publications] Sakamoto,I.,Kishida,S.,Fukui,A.,Kishida,M.,Yamamoto,H.,Hino,S.,Michiue,T.,Takada,S.,Asashima,M.and Kikuchi,A.: "A Novel β-Catenin Binding Protein Inhibits β-Catenin-dependent Tcf Activation and Axis Formation"J.Biol.Chem.. 275(42),. 32871-32878 (2000)
[Publications] Tanegashima,K.,Yokota,C.,Takahashi,S.and Asashima,M.: "Expression cloning of Xantivin, a Xenopus lefty/antivin related gene, involved in the regulation of activin signaling during mesoderm induction"Mech.Develop. 99. 3-14 (2000)
[Publications] Furue,M.,Okamoto,T.,Koshika,S.and Asashima,M.: "Isoleucine Prevents rat salivary gland epithelial cells from Apoptosis in Serum-Free Culture"In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.. 36:. 287-289, (2000)
[Publications] Nakaya,M.,Fukui,A.,Izumi,Y.,Akimoto,K.,Asashima,M.and Ohno,S.: "Meiotic maturation induces animal-vegetal asymmetric distribution of aPKC and ASIP/PAR-3 in Xenopus oocytes"Development. 127,. 5021-5031, (2000)
[Publications] Asashima,M.Ariizumi,T.,Hayata,T.,Sato,A.and Fukui,A.: "Control of organogenesis and body plan formation during early amphibian development"Stem Cell and Cell Differentiation, Proceedings. June. 20-21-22-24,, (2000)
[Publications] S.Takahashi,C.Yokota,K.Takano,K.Tanegashima,Y.Onuma,J.Goto and M.Asashima: "Two novel nodal-related genes initiate early inductive events in Xenopus Nieuwkoop center"Development. 127,. 5319-5329 (2000)
[Publications] S.W.Cheong,A.Fukui,M.Asashima and C.J.Pfeiffer: "Spontaneous Thyroid-containing Teratoma Associated with Impaired Development in the African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis"J.Comp.Path.. 123. 110-118, (2000)
[Publications] A.Fukui,S.Kishida,A.Kikuchi and M.Asashima: "Effects of rat Axin domains on axis formation in Xenopus embryos"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 489-498 (2000)
[Publications] Te-chuan Chan,S.Takahashi and M.Asashima: "A Role for Xlim-1 in Pronephros Development in Xenopus laevis"Develop.Biol.. 228,. 256-269, (2000)
[Publications] S.Hino,S.Kishida,T.Michiue,A.Fukui,I.Sakamoto,S.Takada,M.Asashima,A.Kikuchi: "Inhibition of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Idax, A Novel Dvl-binding Protein"Mol.Cell Biol.,. 330-342, (2001)

2000 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

複雑系としての生命システムの解析

Principal Investigator

金子 邦彦 東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (30177513)

Research Products

[Publications] C.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Origin of complexity in multicellular organisms"Phys.Rev.Lett.. 84. 6130-6133 (2000)

[Publications] A.Togashi and K.Kaneko: "Digitality Induced Transition in a Small Autocatalytic System"Phys.Rev.Lett.. 86. 2459 (2001)

[Publications] K.Kaneko and T.Yomo: "Sympatric Speciation : compliance with phenotype diversification from a single genotype"Proc.Roy.Soc.B. 267. 2367-2373 (2000)

[Publications] K.Kaneko and C.Furusawa: "Robust and irreversible development in cell soceity as a general consequence of intra-inter dynamics"Physica A. 280. 23-33 (2000)

[Publications] B.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Theory of Robustness of Irreversible Differentiation in a Stem Cell System : Chaos Hypothesis"J.Theor.Biol.. in press. (2001)

[Publications] C.Furusawa and K.Kaneko: "Complex Orgnization in multicullarity as a necessity in evolution"Artificial Life6. No.4. (2000)

[Publications] H.Takagi,K.Kaneko,and T.Yomo: "Evolution of genetic code through isologous diversification of cellular states"Artificial Life. 6 No.4. (2000)

[Publications] K.Fujimoto and K.Kaneko: "Sensitive boundary condition dependence of noise-sustained structure"Phys.Rev.E. 63 No.3. (2001)

[Publications] N.Kataoka and K.Kaneko: "Functional Dynamics I"Physica D. 138. 225-250 (2000)

[Publications] N.Kataoka and K.Kaneko: "Functional Dynamics II"Physica D. 149. 174-196 (2001)

[Publications] E.Akiyama and K.Kaneko: "Dynamical Systems Game Theory and Dynamics of Games"Physica D. 147. 221-258 (2000)

[Publications] N.Nakagawa and K.Kaneko: "Energy Absorption and Storage in a Hamiltonian System in Partial Contact with a Heat Bath"J.Phys.Soc.Japan. 69. 36-39 (2000)

[Publications] J Ito and K Kaneko: "Self-organized hierarchical structure in a plastic network of chaotic units"Neural Networks. 13. 275-281 (2000)

[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてI"パリティ. vol 15. 4-11 (2000)

[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてII"パリティ. vol 15. 4-13 (2000)

[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の構築にむけてIII"パリティ. vol 15. 21-25 (2000)

[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系としての生命システムの論理を求めて"物理学会誌. 55. 508-518 (2000)

[Publications] 金子邦彦: "複雑系生命科学の問題"数理科学. No.441. 28-36 (2000)

[Publications] K.Kaneko and I.Tsuda: "Complex Systems : Chaos and Beyond-A Constructive Approach with Applications in Life Sciences"Springer. 1-273 (2000)

[Publications] Ichikawa,T.,Yamada,M.,Honma,D.,Cherry,R.J.,Morrison,and Kawato,S.: "Digital fluorescence imaging of trafficking of endosomes containing low density lipoprotein in brain astroglial cells"Biochem.Biophys.Res.Commun.. 269. 25-30 (2000)

[Publications] H.Mukai,S.Uchino and S.Kawato: "Effects of neurosteroids on Ca2+ signaling mediated by recombinant NMDA receptor expressed in CHO cells"Neurosci.Lett. 282. 93-96 (2000)

[Publications] K.Kaneko and T.Yomo: "Isologous Diversification for Robust Development of Cell Society"J.Theor.Biol.. 199. 243-256 (1999)

[Publications] K.Fujimoto and K.Kaneko: "Noise Induced Boundary Dependence through Convective Instability"Physica D. 129. 203-222 (1999)

[Publications] K.Hashimoto and T.Ikegami: "Heteroclinic Chaos, Chaotic Itinerancy and Neutral Attractors in Symmetrical Replicator Equations with Mutations"J.Phys.Soc.Japan. 70. 349-352 (2001)

[Publications] K.Harada and T.Ikegami: "Evolution of Specificity in an Immune Network"J.Theor.Biol. 203. 439-449. (2000)

[Publications] N.Ono and T.Ikegami: "Self-maintenance and Self-reproduction in an Abstract Cell Model"J.Theor.Biol. 206. 243-253. (2000)

[Publications] 池上高志: "進化研究のコンセプトを語る(8)人工生命のアプローチ"遺伝. 99-103 (2000)

[Publications] 池上高志: "生命進化を理解する"パリティー. Vol.15 No.10. 20-26. (2000)

[Publications] Koji Yamada,Taro Toyota,Katsuto Takakura,Masako Ishimaru,and Tadashi Sugawara: "Preparation of BODIPY Probes for Multicolor Fluorescence Imaging in Dynamic Study of Membranes"New Journal of Chemistry. (in press).

[Publications] Nakashima,T.,Ishiguro,N.,Yamaguchi,M.,Yamauchi,A.,Shima,Y.,Nozaki,C.,Urabe,I.,Yomo,T: "Construction and characterization of a phage library displaying artificial proteins with random sequences."J.Biosci.Bioeng.. vol.90 No.3,. 253-259 (2000)

[Publications] Kashiwagi,A.,Noumachi,W.,Katsuno,M.,Alam,M.T.,Urabe,I.,Yomo,T.: "Plasticity of fitness and diversification process during an experimental molecular evolution"J.Mol.Evol. (In Press.). (2001)

[Publications] Onuma,Y.,Nishihra,R.,Takahashi,S.,Tanegashima,K.,Fukui,A.and Asashima,M.: "Expression of the Xenopus GTP-binding protein gene Ran during embryogenesis"Develop.Gene and Evolution. 210,. 325-327 (2000)

[Publications] Moriya,N.,Komazaki,S.and Asashima,M.: "In vitro organogenesis of pancreas in Xenopus laevis dorsal lips treated with retinoic acid"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 175-185 (2000)

[Publications] Kuroda,H.,Hayata,T.,Eisake,A.and Asashima M.: "Cloning a novel developmental regulating gene, Xotx5 : its potential role in anterior formation in Xenopus laevis"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 87-93 (2000)

[Publications] Oka,T.,Shiojimaj,I.,Monzen,K.,Kudoh,S.,Hiroi,Y.,Shiokawa,K.,Asashima,M.,Nagai,R.Yazaki,Y.and Komuro,I.: "FGF Plays a Critical Role in SM22 α Expression during Xenopus Embryogenesis"Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. 907-914 (2000)

[Publications] Asashima,M.,Ariizumi,T.and Malacinski,G.M.: "Control of organogenesis and gene expression during early amphibian development"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. (in press). (2000)

[Publications] Malacinski,G.M.,Ariizumi,T.and Asashima,M: "The renaissance in amphibian embryology"Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. 126. 179-187 (2000)

[Publications] Sato,A.,Asashima,M.,Yokota,T.and Nishinakamura,R.: "Gene expression pattern Cloing and expression pattern of a Xenopus pronephros-specific gene, XSMP-30"Mech.Dev. 92,. 273-275 (2000)

[Publications] Eisaki,A.,Kuroda,H.,Fukui,A.and Asashima,M.: "XSIP1, a Member of Two-Handed Zinc Finger Proteins, Induced Anterior Neural Markers in Xenopus laevis Animal Cap"Biochemical and Biophysical Res.Com.. 271,. 151-157 (2000)

[Publications] Chan,Te-Chuan and Asashima,M.: "Development of the embryonic kidney"Clin.Exp.Nephrol,. 4,. 1-10 (2000)

[Publications] Tanaka,K.,Okabayashi,K.,Asashima,M.Perrimon,N.and Kadowaki,T.: "The evolutionarily conserved porcupine gene family is involved in the processing of the Wnt family"Eur.J.Biochem.. 267. 1-13 (2000)

[Publications] Fukui,A.,Kishida,S.Kikuchi,A.and Asashima,M.: "Effect of rat Axin domains on axis formation in Xenopus embryos"Develop.Growth & Differ.. 42(5). 489-498 (2000)

[Publications] Moriya,N.,Komazaki,S.,Takahashi,S.,Yokota,C.and Asashima,M.: "In vitro pancreas formation from Xenopus ectoderm treated with activin and retinoic acid"Develop.Growth & Differ. 42(6). 593-602 (2000)

[Publications] Kadoya,T.,Kishida,S.,Fukui,A.,Hinoi,T.,Michiue,T.,Asashima,M.and Kikuchi,A.: "Inhibition of Wnt Signaling Pathway by A Novel Axin-binding Protein"J.Biol.Chem. 275(47). 37030-37037

[Publications] Sakamoto,I.,Kishida,S.,Fukui,A.,Kishida,M.,Yamamoto,H.,Hino,S.,Michiue,T.,Takada,S.,Asashima,M.and Kikuchi,A.: "A Novel β-Catenin Binding Protein Inhibits β-Catenin-dependent Tcf Activation and Axis Formation"J.Biol.Chem.. 275(42),. 32871-32878 (2000)

[Publications] Tanegashima,K.,Yokota,C.,Takahashi,S.and Asashima,M.: "Expression cloning of Xantivin, a Xenopus lefty/antivin related gene, involved in the regulation of activin signaling during mesoderm induction"Mech.Develop. 99. 3-14 (2000)

[Publications] Furue,M.,Okamoto,T.,Koshika,S.and Asashima,M.: "Isoleucine Prevents rat salivary gland epithelial cells from Apoptosis in Serum-Free Culture"In Vitro Cell.Dev.Biol.. 36:. 287-289, (2000)

[Publications] Nakaya,M.,Fukui,A.,Izumi,Y.,Akimoto,K.,Asashima,M.and Ohno,S.: "Meiotic maturation induces animal-vegetal asymmetric distribution of aPKC and ASIP/PAR-3 in Xenopus oocytes"Development. 127,. 5021-5031, (2000)

[Publications] Asashima,M.Ariizumi,T.,Hayata,T.,Sato,A.and Fukui,A.: "Control of organogenesis and body plan formation during early amphibian development"Stem Cell and Cell Differentiation, Proceedings. June. 20-21-22-24,, (2000)

[Publications] S.Takahashi,C.Yokota,K.Takano,K.Tanegashima,Y.Onuma,J.Goto and M.Asashima: "Two novel nodal-related genes initiate early inductive events in Xenopus Nieuwkoop center"Development. 127,. 5319-5329 (2000)

[Publications] S.W.Cheong,A.Fukui,M.Asashima and C.J.Pfeiffer: "Spontaneous Thyroid-containing Teratoma Associated with Impaired Development in the African Clawed Frog, Xenopus laevis"J.Comp.Path.. 123. 110-118, (2000)

[Publications] A.Fukui,S.Kishida,A.Kikuchi and M.Asashima: "Effects of rat Axin domains on axis formation in Xenopus embryos"Develop.Growth Differ. 42,. 489-498 (2000)

[Publications] Te-chuan Chan,S.Takahashi and M.Asashima: "A Role for Xlim-1 in Pronephros Development in Xenopus laevis"Develop.Biol.. 228,. 256-269, (2000)

[Publications] S.Hino,S.Kishida,T.Michiue,A.Fukui,I.Sakamoto,S.Takada,M.Asashima,A.Kikuchi: "Inhibition of the Wnt Signaling Pathway by Idax, A Novel Dvl-binding Protein"Mol.Cell Biol.,. 330-342, (2001)

金子邦彦東京大学, 大学院・総合文化研究科, 教授 (30177513)