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2001 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Assessing Methods for Effects of Small Amounts of Chemicals such as Pesticides on Soil Ecosystem

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12306004
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Plant nutrition/Soil science
Research InstitutionShimane University

Principal Investigator

YAMAMOTO Hiroki  Shimane Univ., Life & Environ Sci., Prof., 生物資源科学部, 教授 (30112121)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ITOH Kazuhito  Shimane Univ., Life & Environ Sci., Assoc. Prof., 生物資源科学部, 助教授 (20273922)
SENOO Keishi  Mie Univ., Bioresources, Assoc. Prof., 生物資源学部, 助教授 (40206652)
KATAYAMA Arata  Nagoya Univ., ResCWE, Prof., 難処理人工物研究センター, 教授 (60185808)
TOYOTA Koki  Tokyo Univ. Agric. Tech., BASE, Assoc. Prof., 大学院・生物システム応用科学研究科, 助教授 (30262893)
SUYAMA Kousuke  Shimane Univ., Life & Environ Sci., Assoc. Prof., 生物資源科学部, 助教授 (70284023)
Project Period (FY) 2000 – 2001
KeywordsPaddy Soil microflora / Risk assessment of pesticides / Quinone Profile / PCR-DGGE / Micro-thermo Analysis / Biolog Plate Analysis / Nitrification activity / Ring Test
Research Abstract

Previously we proposed recommended laboratory tests for assessing the side effects of pesticides on soil ecosystem. The method for 'nitrification activity' among the tests was evaluated by a 'ring test' between five laboratories. The protocol worked just about right but it was recognized that a few points such as pH arrangement of soil and incubation temperature should be considered.
Quinone analysis was successfully used to assess the effect of Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and Bensulfronmethyl (BSM) on soil microbial community. The content of isoprenoid quinones is correlated with the microbial biomass, and most of microorganisms contain one major quinone does not change by the physiological conditions. Those results indicate that the difference in quinone composition directly reflects the difference in structure of microbial community in soil, and the analysis is a valuable method for the assessing pesticide effects on soil ecosystem.
The Biolog method was examined as an isolation-independent method to characterize microbial flora in paddy soil treated with pesticides. Comparing the colored response pattern could assess the effect of pesticides on soil microbial flora.
Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analysis of 16S rRNA amplified by PCR from soil DNA was evaluated for the assessing pesticide effects on soil microbes, especially on ammonium oxidizing bacteria. The amplification was confirmed but DGGE analysis was not completed. PCR-DGGE analysis for paddy soil microbial community elucidated a change in the community structure.
Micro-thermo analysis was applied to the assessing pesticide effects on soil microbial activity but the sensitivity against chemical stress was not enough to detect it. Especially in paddy condition, thermo evolution was too small to measure with practical precision ; further examination for testing conditions such as substrate concentration should be needed.

  • Research Products

    (7 results)

All Other

All Publications (7 results)

  • [Publications] Itoh, K., Goto, D., Sueyasu, K., Suyama, K., Yamamoto, H.: "Effect of Chloropicrin Fumigation on Microbial Communities Evaluated by Community-Level Physiological Profile and the Resistance against Fusarium Wilt"Soil Science and Plant Nutrition. (印刷中). (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 豊田剛己: "農薬および微生物農薬の生態系へのインパクト"東京農工大学平成12年度教育改革・改善プロジェクト成果報告書. 47-52 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama, A., Funasaka, K., Fujie, K.: "Changes in respiratory quinone profile of a soil treated with pesticides"Biology and Fertility of Soils. 33. 454-459 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Suyama, K., Okamoto, Y., Itoh, K., Yamamoto, H.他9名: "Natural fluctuation of microbial biomass and population in rice paddy soils as a basis for assessing the side-effect of pesticides on soil ecosystem"J. Pesticide Science. 26. 127-135 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Itoh, K., Goto, D., Sueyasu, K., Suyama, K., Yamamoto, H.: "Effect of Chloropicrin Fumigation on Microbial Communities Evaluated by Community-Level Physiological Profile and the Resistance against Fusarium Wilt"J. Pesticide Sci.. 27 (in press). (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Katayama, A., Funasaka, K. and Fujie, K.: "Changes in respiratory quinone profile of a soil treated with pesticides"Biology and Fertility of Soils. 33. 454-459 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] K. Suyama, Y. Okamoto, K. Itoh, M. Itamochi, Y. Kagawa, K. Fujii, S. Kumagai, N. Koga, S. Kajihara, T. Ikushima, H. Miyamoto, M. Aoki, A. Kojima and H. Yamamoto: "Natural Fluctuation of Microbial Biomass and Population in Rice Paddy Soils as a Basis for Assessing the Side-Effect of Pesticides on Soil Ecosystem"J. Pesticide Sci.. 26. 127-135 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2003-09-17  

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