2002 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
STUDIES ON GENETIC VATIATION IN RELATIVES OF WHEAT USING MOLECULAR MARKERS
| Project/Area Number |
12460143
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
生物資源科学
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| Research Institution | KYOTO UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
KAWAHARA Taihachi Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Associate Professor, 農学研究科, 助教授 (20115827)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORI Naoki Kobe University, Faculty of Agriculture, Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (60230075)
YASUI Yasuo Kyoto University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Instructor, 農学研究科, 助手 (70293917)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2000 – 2002
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| Keywords | GENETIC RESOURCES / WHEAT / RELATIVES OF WHEAT / MOLECULAR MARKER / ISOZYME / AFLP / MICROSATTELITES / SINE SEQUENCE |
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| Research Abstract |
a. Isozyme: Analysis of isozymes were nude in three species of Aegilops. In Ae. umbellulata, geographical cline of enzyme loci was found. Morphological differentiation was detected between accessions from Aegean Islands and those from Turkey and Iran.
b. AFLP: AFLP analysis was successfully made in common wheat and its ancestors, emmer wheat and Ae. tauschii. We found clearly a cluster of macha and spelta, respectively. While, aestivum and comopactum formed one claster.
c. Fingerprinting of cpDNA: We examined 24 SSR loci in chloroplast DNA. We found two maternal lineages in common wheat indicating that common wheat has originated independency at least twice. From the comparison of cpDNA of wild and cultivated Emmer, we concluded that the birthplace of cultivated Emmer is Southeastern Turkey. Wild Emmer also originated through hybridization of Ae. speltoides and Triticum urarutu in this area.
d. Development of new markers: In order to develop novel molecular markers available for wheat and its relatives, we studied characteristics of SINE sequence that we recently found in Ae. umbellulata. We cloned more than 120 sequences from several species of Triticum and Aegilops. Of these, 30 were allocated to chromosomes of common wheat by nulli-treat analysis.
e. Survey of Wild Populations: Kawahara, Mari and Yasui made prelominary field survey in Syria, Turkey and Greece for one month in 2001. During this trip, seeds of wild relatives of wheat were collected in Aegean islands of Greece. In 2002, Mori examined the distribution of wild ancestors of Emmer wheat in Southeastern Turkey.
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