2002 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

不撹乱自然土壌における環境インパクト化学物質の運命予測のための新しい手法

Research Project

Project/Area Number	12555156
Research Institution	Saitama University
Principal Investigator	小松登志子埼玉大学, 大学院・理工学研究科, 教授 (80034396)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	尾崎則篤広島大学, 大学院・工学研究科, 助手 (50294541)
Keywords	VOCs / 農薬 / PAHs / 土壌吸着・離脱 / 土壌内拡散 / 運命予測モデル / マイクロカラム法 / 遅延係数
Research Abstract	本研究は土壌内における汚染物質の挙動を測定し物質移動モデルを構築して,その運命予測を行うことを目的とした.3年間の研究成果は以下のとおりである. (1)環境インパクト化学物質の遅延を迅速.簡便に測定することのできるHPLCマイクロカラム法を開発した.特にインパルス型HPLCマイクロカラム法では非常に微量の土壌とサンプル(約3gの土壌と20μlの試料)で遅延係数を求めることができる. (2)不攪乱土壌における溶質拡散を測定する,Half-cell法を開発した.日本と欧米の土壌について測定を行い,拡散係数を予測するモデルを提案した.このモデルは,土壌水分と間隙径分布をパラメタとするもので,多くの不攪乱土壌におけるデータについて検証を行った. (3)土壌コロイド粒子による汚染物質の輸送促進について,コロイド粒子の生成が拡散律速であることを明らかにし,macroporeを通してのコロイドの拡散・移動を記述するモデルを提案した. (4)固-液相,固-気相における揮発性有機化合物(VOCs)の拡散と吸着を測定し,気相,液相の両方を考慮した運命予測モデルを提案した. (5)日本と欧米の土壌を用いて農薬やPAH (Naphthalene)の吸着・脱離を測定し,ヒステリシスと時間依存性吸着を記述するモデルを提案した.またPAHの微生物分解は,吸着・脱離と土壌有機物内の内部拡散に影響を受けることが明らかになった. (6)ガス拡散と通気性を予測する新しいモデルを開発した.このモデルは土壌水分量と土性の関数であり,日本とヨーロッパの50種類の土壌について検証され,従来のモデルより精度が高いことが確認された.実際の汚染土壌の浄化工法の最適化のためのアセスメントにも適用されている.

Research Products
(20 results)

All Other

All Publications (20 results)

[Publications] Yamaguchi(Komatsu), T.: "Test of HPLC Micro-Column Method for Direct Measurement of Pesticide Retardation in Soils"Soils and Foundations. 40,5. 143-148 (2000)
[Publications] Poulsen, T.G.: "Predicting Volatile Organic Vapor Sorption from Soil Specific Surface Area and Texture"Journal of Environmental Quality. 29. 1642-1649 (2000)
[Publications] Chen, D.: "Calculating Partitioning Coefficients of Organic Vapors in Unsaturated Soil and Clays"Soil Science. 165,3. 217-225 (2000)
[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Predicting the Gas Diffusion Coefficient in Sieved, Repacked Soil : Water Induced Linear Reduction Model"Soil Science Society of America. 64,5. (2000)
[Publications] 尾崎則篤: "市街地への多環芳香族炭化水素類の地表面堆積とその雨天時流出"環境工学研究論文集. 37. 403-409 (2000)
[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Modified Half-Cell Method for Measuring the Solute Diffusion Coefficient in Undisturbed, Unsaturated Soil"Soil Science. 165,11. 835-840 (2000)
[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Constant Slope Linear Impedance Factor Model for Predicting the Solute Diffusion Coefficient in Unsaturated Soil"Soil Science. 166,2. 89-96 (2001)
[Publications] Poulsen, T.G.: "Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Air Permeability in a Constructed Field"Soil Science. 166,3. 153-162 (2001)
[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Tortuosity, Diffusivity, and Permeability in the Soil Liquid and Gaseous Phases"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 65,3. 613-623 (2001)
[Publications] de Jonge, H.: "Glyphosate Sorption in Soils of Different pH and Phosphorus Content"Soil Science. 166,4. 230-238 (2001)
[Publications] 本下晶晴: "降雨時における土壌カラムからのコロイド粒子の流出挙動"土木学会論文集. 678/VII-19. 111-122 (2001)
[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Diffusion of Sorbing Organic Chemicals in the Liquid and Gaseous Phases of Repacked Soil"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 65,6. 1585-1593 (2001)
[Publications] 本下晶晴: "降雨による表層土壌カラムからのコロイド粒子と溶存有機物の流出特性"土木学会論文集. 706/VII-23. 61-76 (2002)
[Publications] Schelde, K.: "Diffusion-limited Mobilization and Transport of Natural Colloids in Macroporous Soil"Journal of Vadose Zone Hydrology. 1,1. 126-136 (2002)
[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Air Permeability in Undisturbed Volcanic Ash Soils : Predictive Model Tests and Soil Structure Fingerprint"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,1. 32-40 (2003)
[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Gas Diffusivity in Undisturbed Volcanic Ash Soils : Test of Soil-Water Characteristic Based Models"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,1. 41-51 (2003)
[Publications] Gamst, J.: "Comparison of Naphthalene Diffusion and Nonequilibrium Adsorption-desorption Experiments"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,3(in press). (2003)
[Publications] Motoshita, M.: "Soil Constituent Facilitated Transport of Phosphorus from a High-P Surface Soil"Soils and Foundations. (in press). (2003)
[Publications] Motoshita, M.: "Colloid Release Velocities in Soil Columns during Short-and Long-term Multiple Irrigation Events"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Colloids and Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments. 80. 149-156 (2002)
[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Gas Diffusivity and Air Permeability in Volcanic Ash Soils : Pore-size-distribution Based Prediction Models"Proceedings of 44th Soil Physics Society of Japan Annual Meetings. 44. 30-37 (2002)

2002 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

不撹乱自然土壌における環境インパクト化学物質の運命予測のための新しい手法

Principal Investigator

小松 登志子 埼玉大学, 大学院・理工学研究科, 教授 (80034396)

Research Products

[Publications] Yamaguchi(Komatsu), T.: "Test of HPLC Micro-Column Method for Direct Measurement of Pesticide Retardation in Soils"Soils and Foundations. 40,5. 143-148 (2000)

[Publications] Poulsen, T.G.: "Predicting Volatile Organic Vapor Sorption from Soil Specific Surface Area and Texture"Journal of Environmental Quality. 29. 1642-1649 (2000)

[Publications] Chen, D.: "Calculating Partitioning Coefficients of Organic Vapors in Unsaturated Soil and Clays"Soil Science. 165,3. 217-225 (2000)

[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Predicting the Gas Diffusion Coefficient in Sieved, Repacked Soil : Water Induced Linear Reduction Model"Soil Science Society of America. 64,5. (2000)

[Publications] 尾崎則篤: "市街地への多環芳香族炭化水素類の地表面堆積とその雨天時流出"環境工学研究論文集. 37. 403-409 (2000)

[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Modified Half-Cell Method for Measuring the Solute Diffusion Coefficient in Undisturbed, Unsaturated Soil"Soil Science. 165,11. 835-840 (2000)

[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Constant Slope Linear Impedance Factor Model for Predicting the Solute Diffusion Coefficient in Unsaturated Soil"Soil Science. 166,2. 89-96 (2001)

[Publications] Poulsen, T.G.: "Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Air Permeability in a Constructed Field"Soil Science. 166,3. 153-162 (2001)

[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Tortuosity, Diffusivity, and Permeability in the Soil Liquid and Gaseous Phases"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 65,3. 613-623 (2001)

[Publications] de Jonge, H.: "Glyphosate Sorption in Soils of Different pH and Phosphorus Content"Soil Science. 166,4. 230-238 (2001)

[Publications] 本下晶晴: "降雨時における土壌カラムからのコロイド粒子の流出挙動"土木学会論文集. 678/VII-19. 111-122 (2001)

[Publications] Olesen, T.: "Diffusion of Sorbing Organic Chemicals in the Liquid and Gaseous Phases of Repacked Soil"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 65,6. 1585-1593 (2001)

[Publications] 本下晶晴: "降雨による表層土壌カラムからのコロイド粒子と溶存有機物の流出特性"土木学会論文集. 706/VII-23. 61-76 (2002)

[Publications] Schelde, K.: "Diffusion-limited Mobilization and Transport of Natural Colloids in Macroporous Soil"Journal of Vadose Zone Hydrology. 1,1. 126-136 (2002)

[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Air Permeability in Undisturbed Volcanic Ash Soils : Predictive Model Tests and Soil Structure Fingerprint"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,1. 32-40 (2003)

[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Gas Diffusivity in Undisturbed Volcanic Ash Soils : Test of Soil-Water Characteristic Based Models"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,1. 41-51 (2003)

[Publications] Gamst, J.: "Comparison of Naphthalene Diffusion and Nonequilibrium Adsorption-desorption Experiments"Soil Science Society of America Journal. 67,3(in press). (2003)

[Publications] Motoshita, M.: "Soil Constituent Facilitated Transport of Phosphorus from a High-P Surface Soil"Soils and Foundations. (in press). (2003)

[Publications] Motoshita, M.: "Colloid Release Velocities in Soil Columns during Short-and Long-term Multiple Irrigation Events"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Colloids and Colloid-Facilitated Transport of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments. 80. 149-156 (2002)

[Publications] Moldrup, P.: "Gas Diffusivity and Air Permeability in Volcanic Ash Soils : Pore-size-distribution Based Prediction Models"Proceedings of 44th Soil Physics Society of Japan Annual Meetings. 44. 30-37 (2002)

小松登志子埼玉大学, 大学院・理工学研究科, 教授 (80034396)