| Research Abstract |
Immunoassay is one of the most important analytical methods and it is widely used not only in forensic science but also in biochemical studies. The conventional immunoassay, however, requires a long assay time, and involves troublesome liquid-handling procedures. We developed an immunoassay system on a microchip parallel channels. We concluded that the systems should be practically useful for drug screening and applicable to various analyses. and applied it to quantitation for various substances. This integration reduced the reaction time to 1/90, and the system was successfully applied to a practical serodiagnosis of colon cancer with short assay time and high sensitivity. In addition, integrated immunoassay system using a branching multichannel microchip was developed for simultaneous determination of multiple samples to realize higher throughput analyses. We also developed microchip systems for simultaneous multianalyte assay using a parallel multichannel chip with branching structu
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re and a serial multichannel chip. To dam up the immunoreaction solid, i.e. polystyrene beads, weir structure is necessary. The microchannel and weirs were fabricated on a Pyrex glass substrate by simple single step wet etching with a hydrofluoric acid solution. Polystyrene beads precoated with capture antibodies were introduced into the microchip from beads introduction holes, and then the samples and reagents were injected from solution inlet hole successively. After reactions, surfaces of the resulting beads were monitored with a thermal lens microscope. The microchip system with four weirs realized four assays at a time successfully. By using a branching multichannel microchip, drugs [amikacin sulfate(0.1pg/mL), tobramycin(100pg/mL), phenobarbital(100pg/mL), methamphetamine(0.1pg/mL)] were determined. These results were the same as those obtained from single straight channel system and indicated the higher throughput of the system. On the other hand, the serial multichannel chip required easier fluidic control for assay than branching channel. The results obtained from the serial multichannel system were compared with those of microchip system with branching. Less
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