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2001 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

獲得性生体情報の構築・応答ならびにその異常と病態の研究

Research Project

Project/Area Number 12CE2006
Research InstitutionKyoto University

Principal Investigator

本庶 佑  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (80090504)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) 北 徹  京都大学, 医学研究科, 教授 (60161460)
湊 長博  京都大学, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (40137716)
中西 重忠  京都大学, 生命科学研究科, 教授 (20089105)
Keywordsクラススイッチ / 体細胞突然変異 / AID / PD-1 / PD-L / IMCT法 / パーキンソン / グルタミン酸受容体 / 立体構造
Research Abstract

本庶は、クラススイッチ組換えの分子機構として、以下のことを明らかにした。
(1)クラススイッチ組換えがs領域の転写の量に比例して頻度が上昇すること。(2)クラススイッチ組換えの切断がニックによる両端が不揃いの端々を形成すること。(3)クラススイッチの産物として放出される環状DNA上で転写が起こり、これがクラススイッチが起こったことを示す優れたマーカーであること。(4)クラススイッチ組換えにおけるAIDの役割は、切断に関与すること。(5)これまで謎であった腸管のIgA産生が腸管粘膜固有層でスイッチが起こること。(6)AIDは、クラススイッチ組換えと体細胞突然変異の両者において共通のしくみを取ること。
中西は、神経ネットワーク伝達の制御、並びに受容体シグナル伝達系の機構に関し多くの新しい事実を明らかにしたが、中でも(1)イムノトキシン標的細胞破壊法を用い、側座核アセチルコリンがドーパミンに拮抗してコカインによる神経可塑性ひいてはコカイン中毒を制御していること、又網膜starburstアマクリン細胞が視覚情報の方向選択性と眼振運動を決定していること。(2)代謝型グルタミン酸受容体mGluR1,5に結合する新規蛋白質tamalinを同定しGTP交換促進因子と複合体を形成し、mGluR1,5の細胞膜分布を促進すること、mGluR1,5のアダプター蛋白homerlaがNMDA受容体/Ca2+/MAPキナーゼ情報伝達系を介してmRNAレベルで誘導されることを明らかにした。
湊は、(1)ヒトgdT細胞のgdT細胞レセプター(TCR)による細菌由来非ペプチド抗原の認識がCDR3領域のJg1.2ゲノム配列によってコードされる特定のモチーフによっていること、同モチーフはヒトにのみ存在すること、さらにgdT細胞がガン細胞に結合した非ペプチド抗原を選択的に認識し強い抗ガン活性を示すことを明らかにし、ヒトgdT細胞の認識と機能、とくに感染と腫瘍における交叉免疫における新局面を開いた。(2)低分子G蛋白Rap1がインテグリンの主たる活性化因子であり、これによりT細胞と抗原提示細胞との免疫シナプス形成およびそこでのT細胞の活性化様式を支配する必須の因子であることを明らかにし、さらにRap1制御因子SPA-1の遺伝子破壊マウスの解析から、Rap1の異常な活性化により免疫アナージーと免疫記憶応答の喪失にいたることを個体レベルで証明した。
北は、ヒト動脈硬化病変において酸化LDL受容体SR-PSOXは主にマクロファージに、LOX-1は平滑筋に多く発現されること、LOX-1を介した酸化LDLの取り込みが平滑筋のアポトーシスを誘導することを示した。また、LOX-1は細菌やフィブロネクチンをも接着することをみいだした。血栓形成の引き金は血小板活性化にあるが、新たに確立した形質膜透過型の血小板を用いて穎粒放出制御因子としてRab4とPKCαを、凝集制御因子としてRh6を同定した。凝集には、さらに何らかの細胞質因子が必要であった。動脈硬化硬化病変への単球の集積を制御するケモカインMCP-1を介した細胞接着と遊走の分子機構を明らかにした。MCP-1による細胞接着はERKの活性化に依存したβ1インテグリンの活性化に、遊走はP38とRhoの活性化によるものであった。これらの独立したシグナル伝達を介した細胞接着と遊走がおきることが単球の集積に重要との結論に達した。

  • Research Products

    (64 results)

All Other

All Publications (64 results)

  • [Publications] Tanigaki, K.: "Notch1 and Notch3 instructively restrict bFGF-responsive multipotent neural progenitor cells to an astroglial fate"Neuron. 29. 45-55 (2001)

  • [Publications] Latchman, Y.: "PD-L2, a novel B7 homologue, is a second ligand for PD-1 and inhibits Tcell activation"Nature Immunol.. 2. 261-268 (2001)

  • [Publications] Nishimura, H.: "Autoimmune dilated cardiomyopathy in PD-i receptor deficient mice"Science. 291. 319-322 (2001)

  • [Publications] Tani, S.: "The amino-and carboxy-terminal regions of RBP-J interact with the ankyrin repeats of Notch1 RAMIC to activate transcription"Nucleic Acids Res.. 29. 1373-1380 (2001)

  • [Publications] Muramatsu, M.: "Complex layers of genetic alteration in generation of antibody diversity"Trends in Immunol.. 22. 66-68 (2001)

  • [Publications] Tashiro, J.: "Palindromic but not G-rich sequences are targets of class switch recombination"Int. Immunol.. 13. 495-505 (2001)

  • [Publications] Okazaki, T.: "The regulation ofPD-1/PD-L1 pathway and autommune diseases"Activating and Inhibitory Immunoglobulin-like Receptors. 211-214 (2001)

  • [Publications] Agata, Y.: "Histone acetylation determines the developmentally regulated accessibility for TCRγ gene recombination"J.Exp.Med.. 193. 873-879 (2001)

  • [Publications] Nishimura, H.: "PD-1:an inhibitory immunoreceptor involved in peripheral tolerance"Trend Immunol.. 22. 265-268 (2001)

  • [Publications] Ikegawa, M.: "Elevated plasma stromal cell-derived factor 1 protein level in the progression of HIV type 1 infection/AIDS"Aids Res Hum Retroviruses. 17. 587-595 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kinoshita, K.: "Linking class-switch recombination with somatic hypermutation"Nature Reviews MCB. 2. 493-503 (2001)

  • [Publications] Lee, H.: "Induction of germline transcription in the human T cell receptor γ locus by STAT5"J. Immunol.. 167. 320-326 (2001)

  • [Publications] Ye, S-K.: "Differential roles of cytokine receptors in the developmentof epidermal γδ T cells^1"J. Immunol.. 167. 1929-1934 (2001)

  • [Publications] Mizutani, T.: "Conservation of the biochemical mechanisms of signal transduction among mammalian Notch family members"Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. 98. 9026-9031 (2001)

  • [Publications] Lee, C-G.: "Quantitative regulation of class switch Yoshida M recombination by S region transcription"J.Exp. Med.. 194. 365-373 (2001)

  • [Publications] Durandy, A.: "Human genetic defects in class-switch recombination (hyper-IgM syndromes)"Curr.Opin.Immunol.. 13. 543-548 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kobuke, K.: "ESDN, a Novel neuropiin-like membrane protein cloned from vascular cells with the longest secretory signal sequence among eukaryotes, is upregulated after vascular injury"J. Biol. Chem.. 276. 34105-34114 (2001)

  • [Publications] Fagarasan, S.: "In situ class switching and differentiation to IgA-producing cells in the gut lamina propria"Nature. 413. 639-643 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kinoshita, K.: "A hallmark of active class switch recombination: transcripts directed by I promoters on looped-out circular DNAs"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98. 12620-12623 (2001)

  • [Publications] Okazaki, T.: "PD-1 immunoreceptor inhibits B cell receptor-mediated signaling by recruiting src homology 2-domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase 2 to phosphotyrosine"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98. 13866-13871 (2001)

  • [Publications] Chen, X.: "Variable deletion and duplication at recombination junction ends: implication for staggered double-strand cleavage in class switch recombination"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 98. 13860-13865 (2001)

  • [Publications] Ye, S-K.: "The IL-7 receptor controls the accessibility of the TCRγ locus by stat5 and histone acetylation"Immunity. 15. 813-823 (2001)

  • [Publications] Petersen, S.: "AID is required to initiate Nbs 1/γ-H2AX focus formation and mutations at sites of class switching"Nature. 414. 660-665 (2001)

  • [Publications] Higuchi, T.: "Cutting Edge: Ectopic expression of CD40 ligand on B cells induces lupus-like autoimmune disease 1"J. Immunol. 168. 9-12 (2002)

  • [Publications] Shinohara, M.: "Adenovirus-mediated gene delivery and in vitro microinsemination produce offspring from infertile male mice"Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. 99. 1383-1388 (2002)

  • [Publications] Honjo, T.: "Molecular mechanism of class switch recombination: linkage with somatic hypermutation"Ann. Rev. Immunol.. 20. 165-196 (2002)

  • [Publications] Nagaoka, H.: "MD-directed hypermutation in the immunoglobulin Sμ region: Implication to AID involvement in a common step of class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation"J. Exp. Med.. 195. 529-534 (2002)

  • [Publications] Nakamura, T.: "Fibulin-5/DANCE is essential for elastogenesis in vivo"Nature. 415. 171-175 (2002)

  • [Publications] Okazaki, I.: "AID induces class switch recombination in fibroblasts"Nature (DOI 10.1038/nature 727). (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Fagarasan, S.: "Experimental models of autoimmune hemolytic anemia"The Molecular Pathology of Autoimmmune Diseases, Second edition, Gordon and Breach/Harwood. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Krnoshita, K.: "Switch region"Encyclopedia of Melecular Medicine. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Bross, L.: "DNA double-strand breaks: Prior to but not sufficient in targeting hypermutation"J.Exp.Med.. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Taniguchi, Y.: "Notch receptor cleavage is dependent on but not directly executed by presenilins"Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Han, H.: "Inducible gene knockout of transcription factor RBP-J reveals its essential role in T versus B lineage decision"Int. Immunol.. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Yoshida, K.: "A key role of starburst amacrine cells in originating retinal directional selectivity and optokinetic eye movement"Neuron. 30. 771-780 (2001)

  • [Publications] Sato, M.: "NMDA receptor stimulation and brain-derived neurotrophic factor upregulate Homer 1a mRNA via the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade in cultured cerebellar granule cells"J. Neurosci.. 21. 3797-3805 (2001)

  • [Publications] Shinohara Y.: "Glutamate induces focal adhesion kinase tyrosine phosphorylation and actin rearrengement in heterologous mGluRl-expressing CHO cells via calcium/calmodulin signalin"J. Neurochem.. 78. 365-373 (2001)

  • [Publications] Hikida, T.: "Increased sensitivity to cocaine by cholinergic cell ablation in nucleus accumbens"Proc. Nati. Acad. Sci. USA. 98. 13351-13354 (2001)

  • [Publications] Dev, K. K.: "Regulation of mglu(7) receptors by proteins that interact with the intracellular C-terminus"Trends Pharmacological Sciences. 22(7). 355-361 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kitano, J.: "Tamalin, a PDZ domain-containing protein links a protein complex formation of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors and the guanine nucleotide exchange factor cytohesins"J.Neurosci.. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] John J. R.: "Experience-dependent plasticity without long-term depression by means of type 2 metabotropic glutamate receptors in developing visual cortex"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. (in press). (2002)

  • [Publications] Suga.K.: "CD98 induces LFA-1-mediated cell adhesion in lymphoid cells via activation"FEBS Letters. 489. 249-253 (2001)

  • [Publications] Nishimura, H.: "Autoimmune dilated cardiomyopathy in PD-1 reptor deficient mice"Science. 291. 319-322 (2001)

  • [Publications] Miyagawa, F.: "Essential requirement of antigen presentation by monocyte-lineage cells for the activation of primary human gd T cells by aminobisphosphonate antigen"J.Immunol. 166. 166. 5508-5514 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kawakami, T.: "NEDD8 recruits E2-ubiquitin to SCE E3 ligase"EMBO J.. 20. 4003-4012 (2001)

  • [Publications] Kato, Y.: "Targeting of tumor cells for human gamma delta T cells by nonpeptide antigens"J. Immunol. 167. 5092-5098 (2001)

  • [Publications] Miyagawa, F.: "Essential contribution of germilne-encoded residues in Jg1.2 segment to the recognition of nonpeptide antigens by human gd T cells"J. Immunol. 167. 6773-6779 (2001)

  • [Publications] Okuda H: "The Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein mediates ubiquitination of activated atypical protein krnase C"J Biol Chem.. 276. 43611-4361 (2001)

  • [Publications] Katagiri, K.: "Rap 1 functions as a key regulator of T cell and APC interactions and modulates T cell-responses"Mol. Cell. Biol.. 22. 1001-1015 (2002)

  • [Publications] Suganuma M: "Helicobacter pylon membrane protein 1: a new carcinogenic factor of Helicobacter pylori"Cancer Res.. 61. 6356-6359 (2001)

  • [Publications] Yoshida M: "CD4 T cells monospecific to ovalbumin produced by Eschelichia coil can induce colitis upon transfer to BALB/c and SCID mice"Int. Immunology. 13. 1561-1570 (2001)

  • [Publications] Watanabe T: "Oral administration of an antigen at a high dose generates tolerogenicCD4+CD25+ T cells expressing CD95 ligand in the liver"J. Immunol:. 168. 2188-2199 (2001)

  • [Publications] Hayashida K: "Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-i (LOX-1) supports adhesion of mononuclearleukocytes and a monocyte-like cell line THP-1 cells under static and flow conditions"FEBS Lett.. 511. 170-174 (2001)

  • [Publications] Hashimoto K: "Roles of glutamate receptor delta 2 subunit (GluRdelta 2) and metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGluR1) in climbing fiber synapse ostnatal cerebellar development"J. Neurosci.. 21. 9701-9712 (2001)

  • [Publications] Onoe H: "Cortical networks recruited for time perception: A monkey positron emission tomography (PET) study"Neuroimage. 13. 37-45 (2001)

  • [Publications] Nishioka H: "Small GTPase Rho regulates thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Biochem"Biophys. Res. Commun. 280. 970-975 (2001)

  • [Publications] Sano H: "Functional blockade of platelet-derived growth factor receptor-b but not ofreceptor-a prevents vascular smooth muscle cell accumulation in the fibrouscap lesions in apoliporotein E-deficient mice"Circulation. 103. 2955-2960 (2001)

  • [Publications] Nishioka H: "Small GTPase Rho regulates thrombin-induced platelet aggregation. Biochem"Biophys. Res. Commun. 280. 970-975 (2001)

  • [Publications] Onoe H: "Cortical networks recruited for time perception: A monkey positron emission tomography (PET) study"Neurolmage. 13. 37-45 (2001)

  • [Publications] Hashimoto K: "Roles of glutamate receptor delta 2 subunit (GluRdelta 2) and metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 1 (mGluR1) in climbing fiber synapse eliminationdurin postnatal cerebellar develop meat"J. Neurosci.. 21. 9701-9712 (2001)

  • [Publications] Hayashida K.: "Lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-i (LOX-1) supports adhesion of mononuclear leukocytes and a monocyte-like cell line THP-1 cells under static and flow conditions"FEBS Lett.. 511. 170-174 (2001)

  • [Publications] Watanabe T: "Oral administration of an antigen at a high dose generates tolerogenicCD4+CD25+ T cells expressing CD95 ligand in the liver"J. Immunol.. 168. 2188-2199 (2001)

  • [Publications] Yoshida M: "CD4 T cells monospecific to ovalbumin produced by Eschelichia coli can induce colitis upon transfer to BALB/c and SCID mice"Int. Immunology. 13. 1561-1570 (2001)

  • [Publications] Suganuma M: "Helicobacter pylori membrane protein 1: a new carcinogernc factor of Helicobacter pylori"Cancer Res.. 61. 6356-6359 (2001)

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Published: 2003-09-12   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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