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2003 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Studies for biological ice core analyses using microorganisms growing in the snow and ice of the glacier

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13480154
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Environmental dynamic analysis
Research InstitutionTOKYO INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Principal Investigator

KOHSHIMA Shiro  Tokyo Institute of Technology, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Associate Professor, 大学院・生命理工学研究科, 助教授 (60183802)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TAKEUCHI Nozomu  Research Institute for Humanity and Nature, Assistant Professor, 総合地球環境学研究所, 助手 (30353452)
SHIRAIWA Takayuki  Hokkaido University, Inst. Low temperature Science, Associate Professor, 低温科学研究所, 助教授 (90235739)
USHIDA Kazunari  Kyoto Prefectural University, Agriculture, Associate Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (50183017)
Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2003
KeywordsGlacier / Ice core / microorganism / snow algae / bacteria / pareoclimate / environmental change / ecology
Research Abstract

Technical improvement of microbiological analysis of snow and ice : In order to identify bacteria growing in the snow and ice, we collected snow samples from Kuranosuke snow patch in Japan Alps, extracted 16s rRNA DNA from the samples and sequenced these DNA. We could identify bacterial species in the snow samples by matching the sequences with those in the various Databases. Samples of the the melting season contained a psychrophilic bacterium and two psychrotrophic bacteria. Seasonal change of bacterial biomass estimated by Real time PCR strongly suggested that these 3 species are growing in the snow during melt-season. We also succeeded in extraction and seaquencing of 18s rRNA DNA of snow algae and identification of some species.
Biological ice core analyses using microorganisms in the snow and ice: We collected shallow ice cores and samples of microorganisms in the snow and ice of the glaciers of various part of the world, such as Alaska, Altai mountains, Chilean Andes and Bhutan Himalaya. Although analyses of the ice cores are still ongoing, all ice cores collected contained microorganisms such as snow algae and bacteria. These microorganisms in the ice cores were analyzed for potential use in ice core analyses. In some ice cores, it was revealed that microorganisms in the ice core, especially snow algae are effective marker of annual layers. We estimated incredibly high net accumulation rate of a Patagonian glacier (10-20m w.e.) by analyzing seasonal change of snow algal biomass in the ice core.

  • Research Products

    (35 results)

All Other

All Publications (35 results)

  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Koshima, S.: "A snow algal community on a Patagonian glacier, Tyndall glacier in the Southern Patagonia Icefield"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. (印刷中). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Shallow ice-core drilling at Mount Wrangell, Alaska"Bulletin of Glaciological Reserch. 21. 71-77 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamada, T., Kohsima, S., others: "Outline of 2002-research on glaciers and glacier lakes in Lunana region, Bhutan Himalaya."Bulletin of Glaciological Reserch. 21. 79-90 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Koshima, S., Segawa, T.: "Effect of cryoconite and snow algal communities on surface albedo on maritime glaciers in south Alaska"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 20. 21-27 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Ice core drilling at King Col, Mount Logan 2002"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 20. 57-63 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., Kohisima, S., others: "High net accumulation rates at the Campo de Hielo Patagonico Sur, South America, revealed by analyses of a 45.97m long ice core."Annals of Glaciology. 35. 84-90 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamada, T., Takahashi, S., Shiraiwa, T, others: "Reconnaissance on the No.31 Glacier in the Suntar-Khayata Range, Sakha Republic, Russian Federation."Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 19. 101-106 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "Optical characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust) on glaciers : the relationship between light absorbency and the property of organic matter contained in the cryoconite."Annals of Glaciology. 34. 409-414 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "Surface albedo and characteristics of cryoconite on an Alaska glacier (Gulkana Glacier in the Alaska Range)"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 19. 63-70 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohshima, S., Shiraiwa, T., others: "Ice core drilling on Southern Patagonia Icefield - Development of a new portable drill and the field expedition in 1999."The Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue. 56. 49-58 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "Structure, formation, darkening process of albedo reducing material (cryoconite) on a Himalayan glacier : a granular algal mat growing on the glacier."Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 33. 115-122 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Kohshima, S., Shiraiwa, T., Kubota, K.: "Characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust on glaciers) and surface albedo of a Patagonian glacier, Tyndall Glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 18. 65-69 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Kohshima, S., others: "Biological characteristics of dark colored material (cryoconite) on Canadian Arctic glaciers (Devon and Penny ice cap)"Proceeding of the Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue. 54. 495-505 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Characteristics of a crater glacier at Ushkovsky volcano as revealed by the physical properties of ice cores and borehole thermometry."J.Glaciology. 7・158. 423-432 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 幸島司郎: "雪と氷の世界の生物たち-雪氷圏の生物学"化学と生物. 41・9. 598-604 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] 幸島司郎: "氷河生態系の生物たち"遺伝. 57・5. 31-35 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohshima, S., Yoshimura, Y., Takeuchi, N.: "The Patagoian Icefileds"Glacier Ecosystem and Biological Ice-core Analysis.. 1-8 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Godoi, M.A., Shiraiwa, T., Kohshima, S., Kubota, K.: "The Patagoian Icefileds"Firn-core drilling operation at Tyndall Glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield. 149-156 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Koshima, S.: "A snow algal community on a Patagonian glacier, Tyndall glacier in the Southern Patagonia Icefield"Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. (in press). (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Shallow ice-core drilling at Mount Wrangell, Alaska,"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 21. 71-77 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Yamada, T., Kohsima, S., others: "Outline of 2002-research on glaciers and glacier lakes in Lunana region, Bhutan Himalaya."Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 21. 79-90 (2004)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Koshima, S., Segawa, T.: "Effect of cryoconite and snow algal communities on surface albedo on maritime glaciers in south Alaska,"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 20. 21-27 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Ice core drilling at King Col, Mount Logan 2002"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 20. 57-63 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Goto-Azuma, K., Shiraiwa, T., others: "An overview of the Japanese glaciological studies on Mt. Logan, Yukon Territory, Canada in 2002,"Bulletin of Glaciological Reserch. 20. 65-72 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohshima, S., Yoshimura, Y., Takeuchi, N.: "Glacier Ecosystem and Biological Ice-core Analysis."The Patagoian Icefileds. Kluwer/Plenum New York. 1-8 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., Kohisima, S., others: "High net accumulation rates at the Campo de Hielo Patagonico Sur, South America, revealed by analyses of a 45.97m long ice core."Annals of Glaciology. 35. 84-90 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "Optical characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust) on glaciers : the relationship between light absorbency and the property of organic matter contained in. the cryoconite."Annals of Glaciology. 34. 409-414 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "Surface albedo and characteristics of cryoconite on an Alaska glacier (Gulkana Glacier in the Alaska Range"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 19. 63-70 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kohshima, S., Shiraiwa, T., others: "Ice core drilling on Southern Patagonia Icefield -Development of a new portable drill and the -field expedition in 1999."The Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research, Special Issue. 56. 49-58 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Godoi, M.A., Shiraiwa, T., Kohshima, S., others (Kluwer/Plenum New York): "Firn-core drilling operation at Tyndall Glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield"The Patagoian Icefileds.. 149-156 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N.: "The altitudinal distribution of snow algae on an Alaska glacier (Gulkana Glacier in the Alaska Range)"Hydrological Processes. 3447-3459 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Kohshima, S., Seko, K.: "Structure, formation, darkening process of albedo reducing material (cryoconite) on a Himalayan glacier : a granular algal mat growing on the glacier."Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research. 33. 115-122 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Kohshima, S., Shiraiwa, T., other: "Characteristics of cryoconite (surface dust on glaciers) and surface albedo of a Patagonian glacier, Tyndall Glacier, Southern Patagonia Icefield"Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 18. 65-69 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Takeuchi, N., Kohshima, S., others: "Biological characteristics of dark colored material (cryoconite) on Canadian Arctic glaciers (Devon and Penny ice cap)"Proceeding of the Memoirs of National Institute of Polar Research Special Issue. 54. 495-505 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Shiraiwa, T., others: "Characteristics of a crater glacier at Ushkovsky volcano as revealed by the physical properties of ice cores and borehole thermometry."J. Glaciology. 7,158. 423-432 (2001)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2005-04-19  

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