2003 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
The acceptance And the Change of the Notion of Human Rights
| Project/Area Number |
13620010
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Fundamental law
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| Research Institution | Kobe University |
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Principal Investigator |
MORISHITA Tohsio Kobe University, Law, Professor, 法学研究科, 教授 (90107920)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2001 – 2003
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| Keywords | Russia / human rights / socialism / ombudsman / censorship |
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| Research Abstract |
In 1991 Declaraion of human rights was proclaimed in Russia, just before the collapse of Soviet Socialism. In it, the notion of western-style human rights was for the first time introduced in Russia. The 1993 russian constitution introduced the system of human-rights-ombudsman. The present situation of human rights in Russia is as follows. In the first place, the guarantee of political and spiritual freedom is greatly improved. Censorship was abolished and freedom of assembly and association were realized. But new problem came into existence. Nowadays russian massmedia is under the rule of monopolistic enterprises and the government. Secondly, the guarantee of the rights of the accused is improved to some extent. The Russian Constitutional Court proclaimed about 50 articles of the Criminal Procedure Code unconstitutional. For example a public prosecutor can no longer decide to take anyone into custody before the indictment. That jurisdiction transferred from a public prosecutor to a judge. Thirdly, the guarantee of the social rights became worse. The introduction of the market economy produced many unemployed people and the homeless. The present situation of human rights in Russia is a precise reflection of the collapse of socialism and the shift to the capitalism.
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