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2003 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

The mechanism of ethylene biosynthesis and its role in horticultural crops and regulation and function of ethylene synthesis during ripening and senescence

Research Project

Project/Area Number 13660027
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field 園芸・造園学
Research InstitutionShizuoka University

Principal Investigator

HYODO Hiroshi  Shizuoka University, Fac. Agr., Professor, 農学部, 教授 (40023452)

Project Period (FY) 2001 – 2003
KeywordsBroccoli florets / Sweet potato root / Ethylene biosynthesis / Senescence / Black rot fungus / Infection / Senescence hormone / Stress ethylene
Research Abstract

Ethylene plays an essential role in growth, development ; differentiation, and senescence of plants. In horticultural crops ethylene is closely involved in the mechanism of ripening and senescence. On the other hand, ethylene is rapidly produced in response to various kinds of stresses such as wounding and disease caused by infection with microorganisms. (1)Ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation during senescence of broccoli florets (flower buds): Broccoli is harvested while florets are still green and immature which are covered with green sepals. After harvest senescence proceeds rapidly in florets at ambient temperatures in which yellowing progresses due to chlorophyll degradation. The high levels of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) rapidly decline after harvest during senescence. The rate of ethylene production increased during senescence which was paralleled by the increase in ACC oxidase activity and its gene expression. The rate of ethylene biosynthesis in broccoli florets was regulat … More ed by the gene expression of ACC synthase and ACC oxidase after harvest. Harvesting broccoli causes the cessation of the transport of water, hormones, sugars, amino acids, and minerals from the mother plant and together with wounding by cutting the stem may result in triggering or accelerating senescence of the young flower organ of florets. (2)Ethylene biosynthesis and its mechanism in sweet potato root tissue infected by black rot fungus (Ceratocystis fimbriata): A large amount of ethylene is produced in sweet potato roots upon infection by black rot fungus. The pathway of ethylene biosynthesis was independent on methionine-ACC pathway that is widely operating in higher plants. We have found the new pathway for the synthesis of ethylene in sweet potato root tissue infected by the pathogen. The mechanism of the novel pathway is summarized as follows. In response to infection with the fungus, phospholipase A_2 is activated, liberating linolenic acid, which is hydroperoxidized by lipoxygeriase in the host tissue. Then, ethylradical is cleaved from the peroxidized linolenic acid, which is oxidized by cupric ion to yield ethylene. Ethylene produced may be involved in the activation of metabolism in sweet potato root tissue infected by the pathogen. Less

  • Research Products

    (14 results)

All Other

All Publications (14 results)

  • [Publications] 兵藤 宏(他2名): "エチレンの新規生合成経路による生成とその生理"植物の生長調節. 38. 255-260 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hyodo, H. et al.: "Ethylene biosynthesis in sweet potato root tissue induced by infection with black rot fungus (Ceratocystis fimbriata)"Bot.Bull.Acad.Sin.. 44. 179-186 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Nishikawa, F. et al.: "Ascorbate metabolism in harvested broccoli"J.Exp.Bot.. 54. 2439-2448 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Nishikawa, F. et al.: "Two ascorbate peroxidases from broccoli : identification, expression and characterization of their recombinant proteins"Postharvest Biol.Technol.. 27. 147-156 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Wang, R. et al.: "Cloning and expression analysis of putative ethylene receptor genes BO-ETR1, BO-ETR2 and BO-ERS in harvested broccoli"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 71. 252-254 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Kato, M. et al.: "Wound-induced ethylene synthesis in stem tissue of harvested broccoli and its effect on senescence and ethylene synthesis in broccoli florets"Postharvest Biol.Technol.. 24. 69-78 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hyodo, H. et al.: "Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene III"IOS Press. 471 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Publications] Hyodo, H. et al.: "Ethylene biosynthesis through a new pathway and its physiology (in Japanese)"Regulation of Plant Growth & Development. 38. 255-260 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hyodo, H. et al.: "Ethylene biosynthesis in sweet potato root tissue induced by infection with black rot fungus (Ceratocystis fimbriata)"Bot.Bull.Acad.Sin.. 44. 179-186 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Hyodo, H. et al.: "Ethylene biosynthesis in sweet potato root tissue in response to infection by black rot fungus"Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene III (IOS Press). 153-157 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nishikawa, F. et al.: "Ascorbate metabolism in harvested broccoli"J.Exp.Bot.. 54. 2439-2448 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Nishikawa, F. et al.: "Two ascorbate peroxidases from broccoli : identification, expression and characterization of their recombinant proteins"Postharvest Biol. Technol.. 27. 147-156 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Wang, R. et al.: "Cloning and expression analysis of putative ethylene receptor genes BO-ETR1, BO-ETR2 and BO-ERS in harvested broccoli"J.Japan.Soc.Hort.Sci.. 71. 252-254 (2003)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Publications] Kato, M. et al.: "Wound-induced ethylene synthesis in stem tissue of harvested broccoli and its effect on senescence and ethylene synthesis in broccoli florets"Postharvest Biol. Technol.. 24. 69-78 (2002)

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2005-04-19  

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