2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Study on the Surviving Weights and Measures in View of their Historical Development towards Metrification
| Project/Area Number |
14023107
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Humanities and Social Sciences
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| Research Institution | Toyo University |
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Principal Investigator |
OHAMI Isao Toyo University, Faculty of Engineering, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (20058069)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
NISHIDA Masatsugu Institute de technologie de Kyoto, Ecole d'archtecture et design, ssociate Professor, 工芸学部, 助教授 (80198473)
KURAHARA Kiyoto Kogalcuin University, Professor, 工学部, 教授 (50178092)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2005
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| Keywords | The length on INO-jaku / The length of one shaku derived from "Gohonmasu" / Nenbutsu-jaku / Kane-jaku / Kuiira-jaku / Coefficient of thermal expansion of old scale / Weights and measures in the Edo era / The history of weights and measures |
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| Research Abstract |
Since 2002, we have made some new measurements on surviving weights and measures in view of their historical development toward metric system in Japan.
Particularly, we measured newly in 2002 each length on two scales used as the standard measure by Tadataka INO in his survey throughout the country. And we measured in 2003 and 2004 individual length on 5 scales called the Nenbutsujaku in the Edo era Moreover, we measured in 2004 individual length for the sides of volume measures on 9 volume measures called "Gohonmasu" (御本枡) used as the standard volume measure of the Kyoumasu (京枡) in the Edo era And we measured in 2005 individual coefficient of thermal expansion on two scales called SeocyujaKu and Ryouchijaku usedin early years of Meiji. era, and measured precisely individual mass on standard weights used in Edo era.
From these observations, we would like to assume as follows :
(1) Values at 20 ℃ measured. by us for the length of 1 shaku (尺) on Inojaku (each length on two scales used as th
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e standard measure by Tadataka INO in his survey throughout the country) were 303.396 mm and 303.329 mm. From this new measurement, the length of INO-jaku was different from any of Kyouhojaku, Secchujaku, and Ma asiroujaku which were said to be considered standard scales in early years of the Meiji era, and the length ofIN0jaku was determined on a basis other than the 3 groups mentioned here.
(2) When a volume measure was made by a craftsman in the Edo era, the length of one shalm on a scale used by him, was 303.624 min in average.
(3) When we apply statistical hypotheses tests for values of one shaku on both, the Kanejaku type and the Kujirajaku type of Nenbutsujaku, we would like to assume following two groups for the length of one shaku on those both types of Nenbutsujaku :
(1) The length of the one shaku on the Kane jaku type of Nenbutstrjaku is classified two groups, the group distributed from 303.5 mm to 303.8 mm and the other group distributedfrom 302.9 mm to 303.3 mm.
(2) The length of the one shaku on Kujirajaku type of Nenbutsujaku is classified two groups, the group distributed from 379.6 mm to 379.7 mm and the other group distributed from 378.6 mm to 379.1 mm.
(4) Individual coefficient of thermal expansion on two scales called Secchujaku and Ryouchijaku is measured newly by us. The value for Secchujaku is 17.4 × 10^<-6>/℃, and for Ryouchijaku is 18.6 × 10^<-6>/℃. The value for Secchujaku is small than the value mentioned. by the literature on this subject and is near to the value listed in the constant table. The value for Ryouchijaku is near to the value mentioned by the literature.. Less
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