2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Community Structure analysis of arbuscular mycorrhizalfungi in grassland ecosystem using DNA analysis
| Project/Area Number |
14360157
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Zootechnical science/Grassland science
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
SUGAWARA Kazuo Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Professor, 大学院・農学研究科, 教授 (20005672)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
SUYAMA Yoshihisa Tohoku University, Graduate School of Agriculture Science, Assistant Professor, 大学院・農学研究科, 助教授 (60282315)
SAITO Masanori Tohoku University, National institute of Agro environmental Sciences, Head of Section, 部長 (40355079)
NISHIWAKI Aya Miyazaki University, Faculty of Agriculture, Assistant Professor, 農学部, 助教授 (60228244)
KOJIMA Tomoko Tohoku University, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland, Researcher, 主任研究員 (70355080)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | VA mycorrhizal fungal community structure / DNA analysis / DGGE method / Grassland / Host plant / Soil type / Spore Composition |
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| Research Abstract |
In this Study, we examined a molecular marker diagnosis as effective method to discriminate of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMY) species. And on the basis of the method, geographic variation of AMF community structures in Japanese grassland and soil factors affecting on those are studied.
New PCR primer was designed for specific amplification of a part of 18S rDNA of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. The PCR-DGGE with this primer enabled to discriminate 5 AMF species including Archaeospora leptoticha, whose 18S rDNA had not be amplified with other AMF specific primers reported previously. Thus, the new PCR-DGGE analysis method as an effective way to analyze AMF community structure in fields were developed.
Miscanthus sinensis and Zoysia japonica were collected from 9 grasslands in Japan. Sampling sites were chosen from different soil environment grasslands : allophenic andosoil, non-allophenic andosoil and yellow soil. PCR-DGGE was performed and the phylogenetic tree was made to decide the base sequence of these prominent DGGE bands. Prominent DGGE bands of DNAs in sampled plants were belonged to Glomus-Ab, Ac, and Ad group and little to Glomus-B-group and Acaulosporaceae. Concerning soil types, Glomus-Ab group was distributed over both soil types in all grassland, but Glomus-Ac, Ad group were shown different tendency among soil types and host plants. Spore communities in root rhizoshere were dominant with Glomus rubiforme, Acaulospora koskei and so on unlike fungal species in mycorrhiza. Using sown white clover grassland, factors effecting AMF community structures were examined. In mature community of grassland, Glomus-Ab, Ad, B group and Acaulosporaceae were mainly colonized, but in newly plowed grassland, Glomus-B group and Acaulosporaceae. Additionally, high levelof available phosphate in soil caused a restraint to diversification of colonized AMF species.
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