2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Study on Emotional Neuroplasticity in the Pathophysiology of Affective Disorders
| Project/Area Number |
14390037
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
広領域
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| Research Institution | HIROSHIMA UNIVERSITY |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMAWAKI Shigeto Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Professor, 大学院・医歯薬学総合研究科, 教授 (40230601)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MORINOBU Shigeru Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Associate Professor, 大学院・医歯薬学総合研究科, 助教授 (30191042)
OKAMOTO Yasumasa Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Assistant Professor, 大学院・医歯薬学総合研究科, 講師 (70314763)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | Mood Disorders / Depression / PTSD / Neuroplasticity / Maternal Deprivation / Stress Vulnerability / hippocampus / Sensory Gating System |
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| Research Abstract |
Since emotional neuroplasticity is reported to be associated with the pathogenesis of mood disorders, we examined the mechanism of neuroplasticity in an animal model of stress-related disorders, and patients with depression.
1)Stress-induced changes in neuroplasticity
Hippocampal neuroplasticity regulated by neurotrophic factors, plays a role in the development of emotional memory. We examined whether neonatal isolation (NI) or NI with a single restraint stress (SRS) changed the levels of several neurotrophioc factors in the adult rat hippocampus. Whereas NI had no changes in the levels of NGF,BDNF,GDNF,NT-3,IGFR1,IGFR2, or IGFBP2 mRNA, NI + SRS significantly downregulated the levels of GDNF,NGF,IGFR1, and IGFBP2 mRNA. These findings suggest that early adverse experience may affect the development of hippocampal neuroplasticity mediated by neurotrophic factors.
2)Changes in fear and hippocampal gene expression in rats subjected to a single prolonged stress (SPS), an animal model of PTSD
To
… More
elucidate the molecular pathophysiology of PTSD, we assessed contextual freezing (CF) after fear conditioning and examined the change in hippocampal gene expression involved in the alteration of CF in rats subjected to SPS. The SPS rats showed a significant increase in CF, and cDNA microarray analysis revealed a significant increase in the levels of vesicle associated membrane protein 2(VAMP2). These findings suggest that VAMP2 may be involved in the enhanced CF in SPS rats.
3)Emotional neuroplasticity in patients with depression
To clear the difference for emotional neuroplasticity between depressive patients and healthy controls, we have analyzed the sensory gating system used by Magnetoencepharography(MEG). As a result, depressed patients had the different modulation in sensory gating system by emotional neuroplasticity. These results suggest that the broken sensory gating system in depressed patients might be correlated with vulnerability for stress as the risk for affective disorders. Less
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[Journal Article] Reduction in levels of amphiphysin 1 mRNA in the hippocampus of aged rats subjected to repeated variable stress.2004
Author(s)
Sawada, T., Morinobu, S., Tsuji, S., Kawano, K., Watanabe, T., Suenaga, T., Takahashi, T., Yamawaki, S., Nishida, A.
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Journal Title
Neuroscience 126
Pages: 461-466
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Prediction of immediate and future rewards differentially recruits cortico-basal ganglia loops.2004
Author(s)
Tanaka, SC., Doya, K., Okada, G., Ueda, K., Okamoto, Y., Yamawaki, S.
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Journal Title
Nature Neuroscience 7
Pages: 887-893
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Effects of changing from typical to atypical antipsychotic drugs on subjective sleep quality in patients with schizophrenia in a Japanese population.2004
Author(s)
Yamashita, H., Mori, K., Nagao, M., Okamoto, Y., Morinobu, S., Yamawaki, S.
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Journal Title
The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 65
Pages: 1525-1530
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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