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2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Study on the stone materials and their deterioration in the Khmer monuments in Cambodia and Thailand

Research Project

Project/Area Number 14404016
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section海外学術
Research Field Cultural property science
Research InstitutionWaseda University

Principal Investigator

UCHIDA Etsuo  Waseda University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Professor, 理工学術院, 教授 (40185020)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) KOSHIISHI Naoyuki  Waseda University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Associate Professor, 理工学術院, 助教授 (00257213)
HOSONO Takahiro  Waseda University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Assistant, 理工学術院, 助手 (30367065)
SHIMODA Ichita  Waseda University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Assistant, 理工学術院, 助手 (40386719)
Project Period (FY) 2002 – 2004
KeywordsAngkor monument / Khmer monument / sandstone / laterite / deterioration / magnetic susceptibility / stable isotope
Research Abstract

The stone materials used for the Khmer monuments, which are widely distributed in Cambodia, Thailand and Laos and were constructed from the 9^<th> to 13^<th> century, and their deterioration were investigated in this study. Sandstone, laterite and brick were used for the monuments, but the focus was put on the sandstone in this study.
For the Khmer monuments in Cambodia (generally called the Angkor monuments), the change with times of the characteristics of the sandstone and laterite blocks such as the magnetic susceptibility, shape and orientation of a bedding plane was investigated. Based on the result, construction process of the monuments was elucidated. Especially Prasat Suor Prat, whose construction period has been unknown, was concluded to have been constructed during the Angkor Wat period based on the characteristics of the stone blocks and the radioactive carbon age for the charcoal fragments found from the stucco on the inner wall and the soil put in the interstices of the lat … More erite blocks.
The salt weathering is one of the important causes of the deterioration of the sandstone blocks in the Khmer monuments. Two types of salt weathering are observed. One is observed in the inside of the buildings and is related to the crystallization of sulfates and phosphates, and another is observed on the surface of the sandstone blocks constituting the pyramid-type platform and is related to the crystallization of calcium carbonate. The stable isotope analyses of strontium and sulfur were carried out in order to clarify the source materials for the salt weathering. As a result, bat guano for the former and rainwater and sandstone for the latter are considered as the source materials, respectively.
For the Khmer monuments in Thailand and Laos, the description of the sandstones used for the monuments and the geological survey around the monuments were carried out in order to know the provenance. As a result, it is elucidated that the sandstones used for the monuments was controlled by the surrounding geology. Less

  • Research Products

    (4 results)

All 2003

All Journal Article (4 results)

  • [Journal Article] Construction process of the Angkor monuments elucidated by the magnetic susceptibility of sandstone2003

    • Author(s)
      E.Uchida, O.Cunin, I.Shimoda他
    • Journal Title

      Archaeometry 45

      Pages: 221-232

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] アンコール遺跡(カンボジア)における砂岩材の劣化現象2003

    • Author(s)
      内田悦生
    • Journal Title

      地質学雑誌 109

      Pages: X I-X II

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] The construction Process of the Angkor monuments elucidated by the magnetic susceptibility of sandstone2003

    • Author(s)
      E.Uchida, O.Cunin, I.Shimoda, C.Suda, T.Nakagawa
    • Journal Title

      Archaeorometry 43

      Pages: 221-232

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Deterioration of the sandstone blocks in the Angkor monuments, Cambodia (in Japanese)2003

    • Author(s)
      E.Uchida
    • Journal Title

      Jour.Geol.Soc.Japan 109

      Pages: XI-XII

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

URL: 

Published: 2006-07-11  

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