2004 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Qualitative Investigation of the Role of Craft Language in Learning Waza in Sport
| Project/Area Number |
14580010
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
体育学
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| Research Institution | Tohoku University |
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Principal Investigator |
KITAMURA Katsuro Tohoku University, Graduate School of Educational Informatics/Research Division, Associate Professor, 大学院・教育情報学研究部, 助教授 (50195286)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
IKUTA Kumiko Tohoku University, Graduate School of Education, Professor, 大学院・教育学研究科, 教授 (80212744)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2002 – 2004
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| Keywords | Craft Language / metaphorical word / verbal instruction / Feed Back / Qualitative Analysis / Knack / Learning Strategy / Image Transmission |
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| Research Abstract |
The Acquisition of the skills in sport has long been construed as difficult to teach only through scientifically, with learners being able to master it through figurative verbal instruction. The purpose of this study was to investigate how metaphorical verbal instructions were effective in skill acquisition during training in several sports. Five gymnastic coaches, ten junior gymnasts (mean age 11.8), two basketball coaches, five basketball players, two figure skating coaches, and five figure skaters served as the participants for this study. Twenty four training sessions where coaches instructed junior gymnasts in gymnastic skills by metaphorical languages were observed and recorded. In-depth, open ended interview was conducted with each coach and gymnast stimulated recall by VTR every training session. Interview transcripts were divided into 40 meaning units. These meaning units were regrouped into two categories which crucial for the metaphorical verbal instructions on gymnastic training. Two categories emerged from the analysis consisted of 1)structuring network of kinesthetic sensitivities, and 2)coding. Results showed that athletes linked their kinesthetic sensitivities they have already experienced, and coded the network. In other words, athletes could reconstruct some kinesthetic sensitivity they have already experienced by which he/she can make simple network of kinesthetic sensitivities when coaches instructed them by metaphorical verbal instruction. In addition, athletes understand imagery of skill sequence because code which crossed gymnast's mind by the metaphorical language changes the network of kinesthetic sensitivities into imagery of skill sequence. In short, metaphorical verbal instructions are effective when coaches instruct athletes by metaphorical languages which bring out kinesthetic sensitivities which are essential for the skill acquisition.
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