| Research Abstract |
The purpose of this research is investigating the way of spread of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu kenjustu school(maintains 600years) and other kenjutsu schools in Kouzuke koku(fief of Kouzuke) at the end of Edo era as the case study that farmers possessed the swords and family names.
Results are as follows.
1)From 1755 to 1765, 953 persons became pupils of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu. They came from the whole area of Kouzuke(Usui, Midono, Kanra, Tago, Agatuma, Seta, Oura, Nitta, Kataoka,Gunma).
Some excellent pupils(for example, Honma, Tabei, Shibuichi, Kokubo ) got licenses from the head of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu (Higuchi family)and owned their Dojo beside their house.
2)From 1685 to 1864, in Tago-gun, the students of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu came from 36 villages. The total number of students in the period were 289 at Maniwa village. On the other side, Matsumoto family had pupils in their Dojo at Maniwa village only in the early period of Edo era.
And in Kanra-gun and Midono-gun, the students were recognaized at 12 villages.
3)From 1770 to 1781, in Nitta-gun the students of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu were recognaized at 39 villages. Genbei Tabei whose family were vassal of Nitta Iwamatsu had opened his Dojo at Hirazuka village. Genbei Tabei had gotten the license of Maniwa-Nen-Ryu.
4)In this study, the social status of Maniwa-Nen-Ryuu were "nanushi"(the headman of village), wholesale dealers at River and the families who have genealory of samurai in the medieval period(pre-Edo era), for example, Nitta, Uesugi, Takeda.【triple bond】【triple bond】
And they also had enough economical and political power to contribute for maintaining the school for long years.
5)There were Tenshin- Kogen- Ittoryu, Shin- no- shin- Ishikwa-ryu, Onoha Itto-ryu and other kenjutsu schools in Kouzuke district. I want to inverstigate these schools next year.
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