2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Mechanism of Salinity Stress and Its Countermeasures in Crop Plants
| Project/Area Number |
15208002
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Crop science/Weed science
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| Research Institution | Nagoya University |
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Principal Investigator |
MIYAKE Hiroshi Nagoya University, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Professor, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 教授 (60134798)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
TANIGUCHI Mitsutaka Nagoya University, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Associate Professor, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 助教授 (40231419)
KAWASAKI Michio Nagoya University, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Science, Assistant Professor, 大学院・生命農学研究科, 助手 (30343213)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Keywords | calcium / chloroplast / crop / potassium / reactive oxygen species / salinity stress / sodium chloride / ultrastructure |
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| Research Abstract |
When the effects of salinity stress and water stress were compared in rice, damages in chloroplasts were more prominent in salinity stress. Typical symptom of salinity stress was swelling of the thylakoids. Damages in chloroplasts by salinity were severer in light than in the dark even if Na and Cl concentrations and Na/K ratio in the leaf tissues were comparable or higher in the dark. Therefore, the damages in chloroplasts induced by salinity were dependent on light and the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was suggested. Pretreatment of leaf tissues with ascorbate (versatile scavenger of ROS including H_2O_2) and benzoate (scavenger of ・OH) was effective to reduce damages in chloroplasts by salinity. It is therefore suggested that the damages were caused by ・OH and/or its precursor H_2O_2. Growth inhibition of rice plants by salinity was ameliorated by Ca^<2+> in hydroponic culture but K^+ was more effective in soil culture. Especially, KNO_3 showed ameliorative effects on the yield of rice. There was a strong correlation between growth inhibition and Na/K ratio in the shoot. Therefore, cultivation practice to reduce Na/K ratio in the shoot is effective to reduce salinity stress. Pretreatment of leaf tissues with a low concentration of methyl viologen (ROS producing herbicide) reduced damages in chloroplasts by salinity and increased the activity of ascorbate peroxidase in the leaf. Therefore, treatments to reduce H_2O_2 concentration in the leaf are effective to ameliorate salinity stress.
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[Journal Article] Differential sensitivity of chloroplasts in mesophyll and bundle sheath cells in maize, an NADP-malic enzyme-type C_4 plant, to salinity stress.2005
Author(s)
Hasan, R., Ohnuki, Y., Kawasaki, M., Taniguchi, M., Miyake, H.
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Journal Title
Plant Production Science 8
Pages: 567-577
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] The promoter for C_4-type mitochondrial aspartate aminotransferase does not direct bundle sheath-specific expression in transgenic rice plants.2005
Author(s)
Nomura, M., Higuchi, T., Katayama, K., Taniguchi, M., Miyao-Tokutomi, M., Matsuoka, M., Tajima, S.
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Journal Title
Plant Cell Physiology 46
Pages: 743-753
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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[Journal Article] Differentiation of dicarboxylate transporters in mesophyll and bundle sheath chloroplasts of maize.2004
Author(s)
Taniguchi, Y., Nagasaki, J., Kawasaki, M., Miyake, H., Sugiyama, T., Taniguchi, M.
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Journal Title
Plant and Cell Physiology 45
Pages: 187-200
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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