2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Concerning the relationship between the establishment of the Shikoku pilgrimage and the maps of it
| Project/Area Number |
15520066
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
History of thought
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| Research Institution | Yamagata University |
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Principal Investigator |
MATSUO Kenji Yamagata University, Faculty of Literature & Social Sciene, Professor, 人文学部, 教授 (30143077)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Keywords | Shikoku pilgrimage / 88 sites / Shikoku pilgrimage map / esoteric Buddhism / Kobo Taishi hall / 1786 (Horeki 13) / A-type / Kohan |
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| Research Abstract |
This study aims to make it clear when and how the 88 sites of the Shikoku pilgrimage developed and were established by using the Shikoku pilgrimage maps as a main clue.
The summary of it is as follows :
(1) I found 76 new Shikoku pilgrimage maps which were printed between 1786 and 1898.
(2) They are categorized into 7 types, namely A-G.
(3) I named the first Shikoku pilgrimage map "A-type", which was printed in 1763. Even after that, it was continuously reproduced in great numbers, more than any other types of maps.
(4) "A-type" map is categorized into 4 patterns paying attention to small differences, namely A-A' ' '.
(5) The most important characteristic of an "A-type" map is that it has the image of Kukai (774-835) and the esoteric explanation about the Shikoku pilgrimage made by Kohan (?-1768). Kohan was the 304^<th> archbishop of the Kongbuji Temple in Kii province, which was founded by Kukai as the most important center for esoteric Buddhism.
(6) The establishment of the map played an important role in giving the esoteric meaning to the Shikoku pilgrimage, which before had less of an esoteric meaning and less of a connection to Kukai.
(7) In my opinion, through this "A-type" map, the Shikoku pilgrimage began to have more of an esoteric meaning and to be more related to Kukai. In other words, the Shikoku pilgrimage was thought to be the pilgrimage in which people visited around 88 sites related to Kukai, and was firmly established through the emergence of this "A-type" map.
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