2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Supporting older adults for their reading comprehension of procedural sentences -Analysis of signaling effects-
| Project/Area Number |
15530440
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Educational psychology
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| Research Institution | Osaka Gakuin University |
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Principal Investigator |
YAMAMOTO Hiroki Osaka Gakuin University, Faculty of Distribution, Associate Professor, 流通科学部, 助教授 (30245188)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2003 – 2005
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| Keywords | signaling effect / reading comprehension / procedural sentences / organizational strategy / explicitness of signals / strategy utilization |
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| Research Abstract |
Technical writers often highlight the top-level structure of procedural sentences by means of signals such as spacing and headings inserted between them in order to make the structure of instructions clear. Presenting these signals is called as signaling. Signaling effects on reading comprehension with older adults have not been studied yet. But, the previous studies related to this theme suggest that signaling changes organizational strategies into more sophisticated ones and this mediation promotes reading comprehension and memory of them by older adults (Strategy Switch Hypothesis). According to this hypothesis, when signals promoting that strategy changes are used, they can support older adults for their reading and memory of procedural sentences. From the study conducted to perform this object, the mechanism of signing effects with older adults can be made clear.
This study investigated the effect of explicitness of signals in order to consider the cognitive aging mechanism of sign
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aling effects on older adults' memory of procedural sentences. We could operate the explicitness levels of signaling, though there are many types of signaling. According to levels of explicitness, experimental participants could be divided into three groups : No-Explicitness Group, Low-Explicitness Group, and High-Explicitness Group. The object of this study is to investigate the cognitive aging mechanism how different explicitness of signaling promotes strategy changes during reading comprehension processes and this mediation increases reading comprehension and memory of procedural sentences by older adults.
In the Study 1, comparison between No-Explicitness Group and Low-Explicitness Group was made. In the study 2, comparison between No-Explicitness Group and High-Explicitness Group was made. Based on these two studies, each finding was integrated. After that, the cognitive aging mechanism how different signaling has effects on memory of procedural sentences by older adults was investigated. Less
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