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2006 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary

Mechanisms of phytoplankton coexistence

Research Project

Project/Area Number 15570011
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Ecology/Environment
Research InstitutionChiba University

Principal Investigator

MIYAZAKI Tatsuo  Chiba Univ., Marine Biosystems Res. Ctr., Professor, 海洋バイオシステム研究センター, 教授 (80142230)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) TOGASHI Tatsuya  Chiba Univ., Marine Biosystems Res. Ctr., Assist. Prof., 海洋バイオシステム研究センター, 助手 (70345007)
YOSHIMURA Jin  Shizuoka Univ., Fac. of Engineering, Professor, 創造科学技術大学院, 教授 (10291957)
Project Period (FY) 2003 – 2006
Keywordsphytoplankton / paradox of plankton / paradox of enrichment / competition / coexistence / nutrients / lattice model / continuous culture
Research Abstract

In this project, we studied mechanisms of phytoplankton coexistence, experimentally and theoretically.
(1) Culture experiments: Using continuous cultures of phytoplanktonic species, we examined coexistence and competition under various concentration of nutrients and flow speed of culture medium. Competition and exclusion of the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda and the cyanobacterium Microcystis novacekii depended on nutrient concentration and flow speed of supply culture medium. Since experiments with varying supply modes of the medium, especially, has not been tried to date, the present results on the effects of the supply mode were new.
(2) Theoretical analysis: Competition in the low flow continuous culture, the paradox of plankton and the paradox of enrichment were examined. Dominant species in homogeneous environments is considered to be one or a few. Phytoplankton species diversity is usually high, though water environments seems homogeneous. This high diversity has been called " … More the paradox of plankton." In the higher nutrient conditions, diversity is considered to increase. However, diversity in the field observation of many water environments, this is not the case. This diversity change along nutrient gradient is called "the paradox of enrichment."
In the low nutrient and low flow continuous cultures, phytoplankton species were not necessarily under nominative concentration of nutrients, but were in reality under lower nutrient concentrations. This relation was species-specific and explained the lower diversity low in lower nutrient conditions. In the lattice model, we assumed slight differences in growth of ten species. We introduced "ecological time scale" that means it is long ecologically, but in the time scales the system is not in stable conditions. In this theoretical framework, we examined changes in the number of species. This growth rate depended on nutrient concentrations in the ecological time scale. Phytoplankton species grew more locally than it is generally considered. The local growth explained "the paradox of plankton". In higher nutrients, each species grew more globally, and some species became excluded. This means "the paradox of enrichment." Less

  • Research Products

    (20 results)

All 2007 2006 2005 2004 2003

All Journal Article (18 results) Book (2 results)

  • [Journal Article] Power law for extinction process in multiple contact process.2007

    • Author(s)
      Sakisaka, Y., Tainaka, K., Sugimine, N., Yoshimura, J., Hayashi, T., Aihara, K., Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Physical Society of Japan 76(2)

      Pages: 023101-1-4

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Power law for extinction process in multiple contact process.2007

    • Author(s)
      Sakisaka, Y., Tainaka, K., Sugimine, N., Yoshimura, J., Hayashi, T., Aihara, K., Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of the Physical Society of Japan. Vol.76, No.2

      Pages: 023101-1-023101-4

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Spatial coexistence of phytoplankton species in ecological timescale.2006

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T., Tainaka, K., Togashi, T., Suzuki, T., Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      Population Ecology 48(2)

      Pages: 107-112

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Cyanobacterium Microcystis bloom in a eutrophicated regulating reservoir.2006

    • Author(s)
      Yoshinaga, I, Hitomi, T., Miura, A., Shiratani, E., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly 40(3)

      Pages: 283-289

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Gamete behaviors and the evolution of "marked anisogamy" : reproductive strategies and sexual dimorphism in Bryopsidales marine green algae.2006

    • Author(s)
      Togashi T., M.Nagisa, T.Miyazaki, J.Yoshimura, J.L.Bartelt, P.A.Cox
    • Journal Title

      Evolutionary Ecology Research 8(4)

      Pages: 617-628

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] A role of a low-density species on the community outcomes in a model ecosystem.2006

    • Author(s)
      Yoshimura, J., K.Tainaka, K.Suzuki, T.Sakisaka, Y.Nakagiri, N.Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Evolutionary Ecology Research 8(4)

      Pages: 629-642

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Spatial coexistence of phytoplankton species in ecological timescale.2006

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T., Tainaka, K., Togashi, T., Suzuki, T., Yoshizawa, J.
    • Journal Title

      Population Ecology 48(2)

      Pages: 107-112

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Cyanobacterium Microcystis bloom in a eutrophicated regulating reservoir.2006

    • Author(s)
      Yoshinaga, I., Hitomi, T., Miura, A., Shiratani, E., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Japan Agricultural Research Quarterly 40(3)

      Pages: 283-289

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Gamete behaviors and the evolution of "marked anisogamy" : reproductive strategies and sexual dimorphism in Bryopsidales marine green algae.2006

    • Author(s)
      Togashi, T., M.Nagisa, T.Miyazaki, J.Yoshimura, J.L.Bartelt, P.A.Cox
    • Journal Title

      Evolutionary Ecology Research 8(4)

      Pages: 617-628

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] A role of a low-density species on the community outcomes in a model ecosystem.2006

    • Author(s)
      Yoshimura, J., K.Tainaka, K., Suzuki, T., Sakisaka, Y,.Nakagiri, N., Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Evolutionary Ecology Research 8(4)

      Pages: 629-642

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Interspecific separation of habitats in a lattice competition model.2005

    • Author(s)
      Tainaka, K., Kushida, M., Itoh, Y., Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T., Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      Open International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ed. by Hill, D.R.C, Barra, V. and Traore, M.K.) 2005

      Pages: 139-149

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Frequency of nest visitation by the Blue Rock Thrush Moniticola solitarius measured using an infrared monitoring system.2005

    • Author(s)
      Nuka, T., Norman, C.P., Morikawa, Y., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      Ornithological Science 4

      Pages: 139-146

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Interspecific separation of habitats in a lattice competition model.2005

    • Author(s)
      Tainaka, K., Kushida, M., Itoh, Y., Togashi, T., Miyazaki, T., Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      Open International Conference on Modeling and Simulation (ed.by Hill, D.R.C, Barra, V., Traore, M.K.) OICMS 2005

      Pages: 139-149

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Effect of dilution rate on competitive interactions between the cyanobacterium Microcystis novacekii and the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda in mixed chemostat cultures.2004

    • Author(s)
      Takeya, K., Kuwata, A., Yoshida, M., Miyazaki, T.
    • Journal Title

      J. Plankton Research 26

      Pages: 858-863

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] The Coexistence of Plankton Species with Various Nutrient Conditions : nutrient conditions : A Lattice Simulation Model.2004

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T., Togashi, T., Suzuki, T., Hashimoto, K., Tainaka, Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      iEMSs 2004 International Congress : "Complexity and Integrated Resources Management

      Pages: 870-875

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] The Coexistence of Plankton Species with Various Nutrient Conditions : nutrient conditions : A Lattice Simulation Model.2004

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T.Togashi, T.Suzuki, T.Hashimoto, K.Tainaka, Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      iEMSs 2004 International Congress : "Complexity and Integrated Resources Management" 2(2004)

      Pages: 870-875

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Effects of ammonium concentration and dilution on the competition between the Cyanobacterium Microcystsis novacekii and the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda.2003

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T., Takeya, K., Togashi, T., Nakagiri, N., Suzuki, T., Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      Modsim2003 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation Proceedings 2003 (Ed. David A. Post)

      Pages: 741-746

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Journal Article] Effects of ammonium concentration and dilution on the competition between the Cyanobacterium Microcystsis novacekii and the green alga Scenedesmus quadricauda.2003

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T., Takeya, K., Togashi, T., Nakagiri, N., Suzuki, T., Yoshimura, J.
    • Journal Title

      Modsim2003 International Congress on Modelling and Simulation Proceedings 2003(Ed. David A.Post)

      Pages: 741-746

    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
  • [Book] 陸水の事典(三田村緒左武 他 編集)2006

    • Author(s)
      宮崎龍雄(分担執筆)
    • Total Pages
      100
    • Publisher
      講談社
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(和文)」より
  • [Book] Rikusui no Jiten (Dictionary of Limnology) (in Japanese) (Ed. by The Japanese Society of Limnology)2006

    • Author(s)
      Miyazaki, T.
    • Total Pages
      100
    • Publisher
      Kodan-sya
    • Description
      「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より

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Published: 2008-05-27  

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