2019 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Development of rat models as a component technology for visualizing the process of radiation-induced carcinogenesis

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	15H02824
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	一般
Research Field	Risk sciences of radiation and chemicals
Research Institution	National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology
Principal Investigator	Imaoka Tatsuhiko 国立研究開発法人量子科学技術研究開発機構, 放射線医学総合研究所放射線影響研究部, グループリーダー(定常) (40356134)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	真下知士大阪大学, 医学系研究科, 准教授 (80397554)
Project Period (FY)	2015-04-01 – 2020-03-31
Keywords	放射線影響 / 発がん / 変異 / 遺伝子改変ラット
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Ionizing radiation is considered to produce mutant somatic cells, the number of which is proportional to the radiation dose, resulting in cancer risk that is proportional to the dose. A direct proof of this hypothesis would be facilitated by visualization of somatic cells harboring cancer-causing mutations. Establishment of such technology will be dependent on the development of animal carcinogenesis models where the cancer-causing mutation is locatable in the genome of somatic cells, like genetic knockout models. To this end, the current project succeeded in establishing a novel knockout rat model with increased cancer susceptibility after exposure to ionizing radiation.
Free Research Field	放射線生物学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	医療、職業、環境等に由来する低線量放射線のリスクを正確に評価するに当たっては、放射線が作る変異細胞の数が線量に比例し、その比例性が保たれたままがんリスクにつながるという仮定が正しいかどうかを証明するところにボトルネックがある。本研究で開発した動物モデルは、この仮定を証明するための要素技術になる。また、開発したモデルは、家族性腫瘍症候群の動物モデルとして、診断・治療・予防の研究開発に役立つことが期待される。