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2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

Biogeography and evolution of gastropods in deep-sea chemosynthetic environments

Research Project

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Project/Area Number 15H04412
Research Category

Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)

Allocation TypeSingle-year Grants
Section一般
Research Field Biodiversity/Systematics
Research InstitutionThe University of Tokyo

Principal Investigator

Kano Yasunori  東京大学, 大気海洋研究所, 准教授 (20381056)

Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) ジェンキンズ ロバート  金沢大学, 自然システム学系, 助教 (10451824)
佐々木 猛智  東京大学, 総合研究博物館, 准教授 (70313195)
後藤 龍太郎  京都大学, フィールド科学教育研究センター, 助教 (50725265)
Research Collaborator Fukumori Hiroaki  
Takano Tsuyoshi  
Yahagi Takuya  
Project Period (FY) 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords化学合成群集 / 分子系統樹 / 生物地理 / 深海 / 幼生 / 比較解剖 / 化石 / 古生態
Outline of Final Research Achievements

Benthic invertebrates at deep-sea hydrothermal vents, cold seeps and organic falls have attracted considerable attention regarding their spatiotemporal distributions, colonization pathways and geological origins, as well as morphological, ecological, and physiological adaptation. We reconstructed molecular phylogenies for several gastropod clades with vent and seep taxa, revisited their morphological and taxonomic diversities both recent and in the past, and investigated their early ontogeny and dispersal capabilities of swimming larvae. High genetic connectivity among habitats, seen in some lineages, probably has resulted from vertical migration of hatched larvae to the photic zone, where high phytoplankton biomass and strong currents enable their growth and long distance dispersal over many months. We suggest that the vertical migration has played a significant role not only in the life history trajectories of individuals but also in their evolutionary habitat shifts.

Free Research Field

海洋生物学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

学術的意義: 深海における生物群集の成立と維持機構、種超階級から個体群レベルでの多様性、個体群間の移動、幼生の生活史など、海洋生命系の理解に関する基礎知識を得た。ことに、深海熱水噴出域に生息する固有種の一部が幼生として表層まで遊泳し、長距離分散することを明らかにした点は重要である。これは熱水噴出域と光合成環境の物質循環にも新たな視点を加えるものと考える。
社会的意義: 熱水噴出域周辺のレアメタル鉱床開発にあたっては、特異な生態系を保全するため、そこにすむ生物の多様性や生態を詳しく知る必要がある。温泉間の幼生分散をより詳細に把握することで、環境影響を最小限に抑えた鉱床開発が可能となるかもしれない。

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Published: 2020-03-30  

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