2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The basic study on the Paleolithic / Neolithic transition in East Asia: The detailed analysis on artifacts form the Lingjing site

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	15H05167
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
Allocation Type	Single-year Grants
Section	海外学術
Research Field	Archaeology
Research Institution	Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties
Principal Investigator	Kato Shinji 独立行政法人国立文化財機構奈良文化財研究所, 企画調整部, 室長 (20261125)
Research Collaborator	UCHIDA kazunori ONUKI shizuo OBATA hiroki KANOMATA yoshitaka KAMIJYO nobuhiko KUNIKITA dai KUNITAKE sadakatsu SHIBA kojiro TAKAKURA jun NAGANUMA masaki SAWAURA ryohei SAWADA junmei LI zhanyang ZHAO qingbo WANG youping DU shuisheng HOU yamei GUAN ying LI hao YUE jianping WANG xiaoqing XIE fei MEI huijie ZHAO hailong LIU lianqiang WANG fagang ZHENG tongxiu SUN bo LI youqian LI gang
Project Period (FY)	2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	早期土器 / 中国北半部 / 旧石器・新石器過渡期 / LGM / ヤンガードリアス / 霊井遺跡 / 残留デンプン粒 / AMS分析
Outline of Final Research Achievements	Analysis of artifacts excavated from layer 5 of the Lingjing site revealed aspects of the microblade stage (ca. 13.5 cal ka) and the early pottery stage (ca. 9.8 cal ka), specifically showing aspects of a transitional period between the Paleolithic and Neolithic Ages in the east half of northern China. During the microblade stage, subsistence strategy which put emphasis on the hunting- animal resources by using of microblade industry had been made. In the early pottery stage of the postglacial, pottery and slabs/handstones (grinding mills) emerged and spread while very small microblades were used. Our analysis showed that the pottery was mainly used for cooking C3 plants and land animals, while the slabs/handstones were used for husking and grinding the nuts and seeds from Typha, wild foxtail millet or Echinochloa, oaks, Poaceae such as Bromus remotiflorus, Polygonaceae, Leguminosae and Chinese cucumber.
Free Research Field	先史学・考古学
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	河南省許昌にある霊井遺跡第５層出土の遺物を分析し、ここから出土した土器が約9800年前の華北での土器出現期のものであることを確認した。華北では、約13000年前に、北方系細石刃石器群とともに土器が出現し、約10000年前に普及することが判明した。霊井を含め、華北では土器に磨盤・磨棒がともない、そこからは、雑穀やドングリなどの残留デンプン粒が検出されることから、これらの植物資源との関連で土器が出現したことも推定できる。こうした分析をかさねることにより、日本列島を含めた東アジアにおける土器の出現の様相、意義を詳細に提示することができるようになる。