2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Traumatic Brain Injury Mechanism in a Pedestrian Accident
| Project/Area Number |
15K01290
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Biomedical engineering/Biomaterial science and engineering
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| Research Institution | Tottori University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
小出 隆夫 鳥取大学, 工学研究科, 教授 (60127446)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
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| Keywords | バイオメカニクス / 歩行者 / 外傷性脳傷害 / SUV / セダン / 交通外傷 / 引張試験 / 有限要素解析 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
In a pedestrian accident, a collision with a vehicle or a ground can cause traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), which resultantly lead to a fatal trauma or a long-term impairment with a high societal cost. However, it is difficult to properly assess the potential severity of TBI, because a TBI mechanism is still poorly understood. In the present study, therefore, we have developed a TBI prediction scheme through the combination of 1) experimental work and 2) numerical work. It was revealed that a structural failure strain limit of the neural fiber bundles is almost constant, 15%. Based on the strain limit, a series of pedestrian impact simulations were conducted and the TBI risk was assessed. We found that an SUV is more aggressive than a conventional car in terms of the risk sustaining TBI, and a secondary head strike against a ground can induce much more severe TBIs compared to a primary head strike against a vehicle even in a relatively "moderate" collision speed between 25 and 40 km/h.
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| Free Research Field |
傷害バイオメカニクス
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