Development of anti-multidrug resistant HIV drugs by structural chemical approach

2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 15K07898
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Physical pharmacy
• Research Institution: Iwaki Meisei University
• Principal Investigator: TSUNODA Masaru いわき明星大学, 薬学部, 准教授 (10347974)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 鈴木 薫 いわき明星大学, 薬学部, 客員研究員 (90382788)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
• Keywords: 抗HIV薬 / タンパク質 / レクチン

Outline of Final Research Achievements

We used X-ray crystallography to analyze the crystal of the complex of HIV coat protein as an objective to establish a structural basis to improve a new lectin (actinohivin) that prevents HIV from infecting human cells and has a mechanism of action that does not develop drug resistance as a more effective novel HIV infection prevention agent.
The three-dimensional structure of actinohivin forms a cyclic structure in which three segments are arranged symmetrically, and it has become clear that each has a pocket that binds to a sugar chain. Since one high-mannose type sugar chain is bound to each pocket, three sugar chains are simultaneously bound, and the binding of actinohivin to the HIV coat protein was considered to be quite specific and strong.

Free Research Field

構造生物化学

Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements

HIVがヒト細胞へ感染することを阻止し、さらに薬剤耐性を発症しない作用機構を持った、新しいレクチン（アクチノヒビンと命名）をより効果的な新しいHIV感染予防薬として改良するための構造基板を確立することを目的に、Ｘ線結晶構造解析を進め、アクチノヒビンとHIV外套糖タンパク質との複合体の結晶解析に取り組んだ。
その結果、HIV表面を覆う糖タンパク質から突き出た高マンノースの先端部位にある糖との複合体の構造解析から、AHと糖鎖との結合様式を確認することができた。