2018 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

The molecular epidemiology of respiratory viruses associated with asthma attacks A single-center observational study in Japan

Research Project

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Project/Area Number	15K09579
Research Category	Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
Allocation Type	Multi-year Fund
Section	一般
Research Field	Infectious disease medicine
Research Institution	Kyorin University
Principal Investigator	TAKESHI SARAYA 杏林大学, 医学部, 准教授 (40549185)
Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha)	木村博一群馬パース大学, 保健科学部, 教授 (20391807) 石井晴之杏林大学, 医学部, 教授 (30406970) 倉井大輔杏林大学, 医学部, 准教授 (60530665) 滝澤始杏林大学, 医学部, 教授 (80171578)
Project Period (FY)	2015-04-01 – 2019-03-31
Keywords	気道ウイルス / 気管支喘息発作 / 季節性 / マイコプラズマ
Outline of Final Research Achievements	A total of 106 asthma attack patients enrolled in this study in both inpatient (n=49) and outpatient (n=57) settings. Among these, patients with virus alone (n=39), virus and bacterial (n=5), and bacterial alone (n=5) were identified. The frequency of virus-positive patients was significantly higher in inpatients (75.3%, n=33) than in outpatients (19.3%, n=11). Major VRIs included human rhinovirus (HRV) (n=24), human metapneumovirus (hMPV) (n=9), influenza virus (Inf-V) (n=8), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (n=3) infections with seasonal variations. HRV-A and HRV-C were the most commonly detected viruses, with wide genetic divergence on phylogenetic analysis. Asthmatic exacerbations in adults are highly associated with VRIs such as HRV-A or HRV-C, hMPV, RSV, and Inf-V infections with seasonal variations and genetic divergence, but similar frequencies of VRIs occurred in asthma attack patients throughout the seasons.
Free Research Field	呼吸器感染症
Academic Significance and Societal Importance of the Research Achievements	本研究により、通年性の気管支喘息発作に寄与する呼吸器ウイルスの全体像が明らかとなった。また原因となる呼吸器ウイルスには季節性が存在すること、従来より指摘されていたマイコプラズマニューモニエやクラミドフィラニューモニエなどの細菌感染の関与は認めなかった。気管支喘息発作に最も影響を与えるウイルスは感冒の主たるウイルスであるライノウイルスであり、分子遺伝学的には多様性を示していることが判明した。