Change of molecular epidemiology of rotavirus after rotavirus vaccine introduction in Japan: through the G8 outbreak

2017 Fiscal Year Final Research Report

• Project/Area Number: 15K09693
• Research Category: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• Allocation Type: Multi-year Fund
• Section: 一般
• Research Field: Pediatrics
• Research Institution: Sapporo Medical University
• Principal Investigator: TSUGAWA Takeshi 札幌医科大学, 医学部, 講師 (00631863)
• Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha): 近藤 謙次 札幌医科大学, 医学部, 研究員 (60718138) ; 大野 真由美 札幌医科大学, 医学部, 研究員 (80749309) ; 赤根 祐介 札幌医科大学, 医学部, 研究員 (20759112)
• Project Period (FY): 2015-04-01 – 2018-03-31
• Keywords: ロタウイルス / ロタウイルスワクチン / ロタウイルス胃腸炎 / G8

Outline of Final Research Achievements

Rotaviruses are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis in children. It is important to monitor the change of wild type strains after introduction of live attenuated rotavirus vaccine. In 2014, local outbreak of G8 strain (7 to 55%) was unexpectedly occurred in Hokkaido. No significant differences in the clinical characteristics were found between G8 and non-G8 rotavirus infections. According to full genome analysis, these strains were originated from Southeast Asia. Twelve G8 strains (3%, 12/422) were intermittently detected in 2 of 13 cities in Hokkaido between 2015 and 2017. In 2016, local outbreak of equine-like G3 strain (65.6%, 21/32) was firstly occurred in Tomakomai. In 2017, local outbreak of G8 strain was reported from Shizuoka and Tokyo. After rotavirus vaccine introduction in Japan, rare rotavirus strains, such as G8 and equine-like G3, were sporadically detected in Hokkaido. So, it is important to continue rotavirus surveillance at the city level.

Free Research Field

胃腸炎ウイルス（ロタウイルス、ノロウイルス）