2016 Fiscal Year Final Research Report
Urine Concentration by Forward Osmosis Process
| Project/Area Number |
15K14054
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
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| Allocation Type | Multi-year Fund |
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| Research Field |
Civil and environmental engineering
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| Research Institution | Hokkaido University |
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Principal Investigator |
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| Research Collaborator |
Mokhtal Guizani 北海道大学, 工学研究院, 助教
Nikiema Benedicte C. W. 北海道大学, 工学院
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| Project Period (FY) |
2015-04-01 – 2017-03-31
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| Keywords | サニテーション / 尿の利用 / 尿の濃縮 / 正浸透法 |
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| Outline of Final Research Achievements |
The sanitation problem caused by population concentration in cities is an urgent issue of the world. In this research, we aimed at reducing 'transport cost of urine' which is a big barrier of urine use in rural areas, and investigated about the forward osmosis for urine concentration toilet. The results are as follows: 1) It was confirmed that urine can be concentrated to about 5 times by forward osmosis; 2) In the forward osmosis process, it was found that urine components permeate the osmosis membrane. The components with high membrane permeability are ammonia, inorganic carbon, and the small components are phosphate, sodium, chlorine and organic carbon; 3) By calculating the activity coefficient in consideration of the interaction of each component in solution and estimating the osmotic pressure of the solution by using activity coefficient, it was possible to find a linear relationship between the calculated osmotic pressure difference and the measured membrane permeation flux.
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| Free Research Field |
衛生工学
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