2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Replication and gene expression of SARS coronavirus and other animal coronaviruses
| Project/Area Number |
16017308
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Review Section |
Biological Sciences
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| Research Institution | National Institute of Infectious Diseases |
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Principal Investigator |
TAGUCHI Fumihiro National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Virology III, Laboratory chief, 室長 (30107429)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
MATSUYAMA Shutoku NIID, Virology III, Research associate, 研究員
MORIKAWA Shigeru NIID, Virology I, Laboratory chief, 室長 (00167686)
UJIKE Makoto NIID, Virology III, Research associate, 研究員
SHIRATO Kenya NIID, Virology III, Research associate, 研究員
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | coronaviruses / SARS-CoV / MHV / spike (S) protein / cell entry / protease / receptor |
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| Research Abstract |
1) Research on SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection :
It was reported that SARS-CoV enters into cells via endosomal pathway. We found that SARS-CoV also enters cells directly from cell surface, when cell-attached viruses are treated with proteases, such as trypsin or elastase that induces. S protein cleavage as well as fusion activity. Virus entry from plasma membrane was revealed to result in a 100 to 1000 more efficient infection than the infection via endosomal pathway. This could suggest that high replication of SARS-CoV in the lung or intestine, the major target organs of SARS, is attributed to the proteases produced in those organs. This protease-mediated enhancement of SARS-CoV infection could explain how severe respiratory disease is produced by SARS-CoV infection, even if this virus is allowed to grow in a variety of organs that express its receptor ACE2. Studies are in progress whether such proteases produced in mice induce severe respiratory disease or not.
2) Research on murine coronavirus mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) infection :
Highly neurotropic MHV, JIEVIV, spreads from cells infected via its receptor (CEACAM1) to CEACAM1-negative BHK cells (called receptor-independent infection). We have shown that JHMV virion can directly infect BHK by spinoculation (virus inoculated cells as well as inoculated viruses were spun at 3000 rpm for 2 h), indicating that JHMV virion has a unique feature for infection. It was further shown that this feature is dependent upon its S protein, which is activated for fusion by a naturally occurring manner, without binding to its specific receptor.
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[Journal Article] Recombinant nucleocapsid protein-based IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the serological diagnosis of SARS.2005
Author(s)
Saijo M, Ogino T, Taguchi F, Fukushi S, Mizutani T, Notomi T, Kanda H, Minekawa H, Matsuyama S, Long HT, Hanh NTH, Kurane I, Tashiro M, Morikawa S.
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Journal Title
journal of Virological Methods. 125
Pages: 181-186
Description
「研究成果報告書概要(欧文)」より
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