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2007 Fiscal Year Annual Research Report

魚類における性決定と生殖腺の性分化の分子メカニズム

Research Project

Project/Area Number 16086213
Research InstitutionNational Institute for Basic Biology

Principal Investigator

長濱 嘉孝  National Institute for Basic Biology, 生殖生物学研究部門, 教授 (50113428)

Keywords性決定 / 性分化 / 生殖腺 / エストロゲン / 性決定遺伝子(DMY) / 芳香化酵素 / Fox12 / メダカ / ティラピア
Research Abstract

本研究の目的は、2種の硬骨魚類(メダカとティラピア)を主な実験材料に用いて性決定/分化の分子メカニズムを明らかにすることであるが、平成19年度には精巣分化に果たすDMRT1の役割を重点的に解析した。遺伝的に雌(XX)であるティラピア受精卵にDMRT1を過剰発現させると、XX個体でありながら、精巣が形成された。少量の卵巣も形成されたが精巣に比べると著しく小さかった。形成された精巣には種々の発達過程にある生殖細胞(精原細胞、精母細胞、精細胞、精子)とともに、著しく活性化された2種の体細胞(ライディッヒ細胞、セルトリ細胞)が認められた。特に、ライディッヒ細胞では3β-HSDなどのステロイド代謝酵素が強い発現(遺伝子、タンパク質レベルとも)を示した。さらに、性転換したXX雄は正常な雄の性行動(体色も雄型)を示すとともに、それらの個体から得られた精子の運動能(運動時間)は正常のXY雄や超雄(YY)の精子よりも著しく高かった(2〜3倍)。一方、メダカではDMRT1遺伝子のDMドメイン配列に変異を起こさせると、遺伝的には雄(XY)でも生殖腺の一部に卵巣が形成されることがわかった。以上のDMRT1のloss-of-functionとgain-of-functionの実験結果と、すでに我々が明らかにしているメダカやティラピアの生殖腺の性分化におけるDMRT1の遺伝子発現パターンの結果を総合すると、DMRT1は魚類の精巣の分化、形成に不可欠であると結論された。

  • Research Products

    (10 results)

All 2008 2007

All Journal Article (6 results) (of which Peer Reviewed: 6 results) Presentation (4 results)

  • [Journal Article] Sexual dimorphic expression of genes in gonads during early differentiation of ateleost fish, the Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.2008

    • Author(s)
      Ijiri, S., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Biology of Reproduction 78

      Pages: 333-341

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Sexual dimorphic expression of DMRT1 and Sox9 during gonadal differentiation and hormone-induced sex reversal in the teleost fish Nile tilapia(Oreochromisniloticus)2008

    • Author(s)
      Kobayashi, T., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Developmental Dynamics 237

      Pages: 297-306

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Molecular cloning of Dmrt1, Fox12 and Cyp19 in Southern catfish and their possible roles in sex differentiation.2007

    • Author(s)
      Liu, Z. H., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Journal of Endocrinology 194

      Pages: 223-241

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Daxl suppresses P450arom expression in medaka ovarian follicles.2007

    • Author(s)
      Nakamoto, M., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Molecular Reproduction and Development 74

      Pages: 1239-1246

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] Characterization, expression and transcriptional regulation of P450c17-I and-II in the medaka, Oryzias latipes.2007

    • Author(s)
      Zhou, L. Y., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communication 362

      Pages: 619-624

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Journal Article] A novel type of P450c17 lacking the lyase activity is responsible for C21-steroidbiosynthesis in the fish ovary and head kidney.2007

    • Author(s)
      Zhou, L. Y., et. al.
    • Journal Title

      Endocrinology 148

      Pages: 4288-4291

    • Peer Reviewed
  • [Presentation] Organ culture and transplantation of tilapia(Oreochromis niloticus)gonads for the analysis of gonadal sex differentiation.2007

    • Author(s)
      Sakai, F., et. al.
    • Organizer
      6th Congress of the Asia and Oceania Society for comparative Endocrinology
    • Place of Presentation
      Sliguri, West Bengal, India
    • Year and Date
      2007-12-11
  • [Presentation] Molecular mechanisms of sex determination/differentiation in fish.2007

    • Author(s)
      長濱嘉孝
    • Organizer
      The International Symposium on Oryzias Fish
    • Place of Presentation
      Bangkok, Thailand
    • Year and Date
      2007-11-12
  • [Presentation] Functional analysis of the medaka sex determining gene, DMY reveals its role in the regulation of germ cell proliferation in the XY gonad.2007

    • Author(s)
      Paul-Prasanth, B., et. al.
    • Organizer
      8th International Symposium on Reproductive Physiology of Fish
    • Place of Presentation
      Saint Malo, France
    • Year and Date
      2007-06-05
  • [Presentation] Fox12 up-regulates aromatase gene transcription in a female-specific manner by binding to the promoter as well as interacting wiht Ad4BP/SF-1.2007

    • Author(s)
      Wang, D., et. al.
    • Organizer
      8th International Symposium on Reproductive Physiology of Fish
    • Place of Presentation
      Saint Malo, France
    • Year and Date
      2007-06-05

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Published: 2010-02-04   Modified: 2016-04-21  

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