2005 Fiscal Year Final Research Report Summary
Design of Functional Materials Based on Polysaccharides by Ion-mediate Control of Their Mesoscopic Structural Characteristics
| Project/Area Number |
16350126
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| Research Category |
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
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| Allocation Type | Single-year Grants |
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| Section | 一般 |
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| Research Field |
Polymer/Textile materials
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| Research Institution | Kyoto University |
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Principal Investigator |
NISHIO Yoshiyuki Kyoto University, Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Professor, 農学研究科, 教授 (00156043)
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| Co-Investigator(Kenkyū-buntansha) |
YOSHIOKA Mariko Kyoto University, Division of Forest and Biomaterials Science, Lecturer, 農学研究科, 講師 (30220594)
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| Project Period (FY) |
2004 – 2005
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| Keywords | Polysaccharides / Mesoscopic Characteristics / Liquid Crystal / Gel / Ionic Liquids / Dynamic Function / Magnetic Materials |
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| Research Abstract |
The present research aimed at obtaining information to design new functional materials based on polysaccharides by ion-mediate control of their mesoscopic characteristics in the liquid crystalline or gelatinous state. The following results are worth noting.
1.Structural Control and Functionalization of Liquid Crystalline Polysaccharides :
(1)Crosslinked (hydroxypropyl) cellulose (HPC)/methacrylate polymer composites with a cholesteric liquid-crystalline order were synthesized in film form. Their reflective coloration and optical turbidity were changeable not only by immersion in aqueous salt solutions but also by further application of an electric potential between both edges of the respective samples of rectangular shape.
(2)Additive effects of N-substituted imidazolium halogenides on the mesophase formation and ensuing properties of concentrated HPC aqueous solutions were clarified by spectrophotometry. A dynamic control of the cholesteric structure and optical properties of the HPC/sal
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t solutions was also realized under application of an electric field of practical magnitude. An extension work was concerned with the phase behavior of novel cellulose derivatives possessing an imidazolium structure in their own side-chains.
(3)A dual mesomorphic assemblage was found and characterized for chitin derivatives having normal acyl groups (C_nH_<2n-1>;n=4-20). Enthalpy relaxation of the smectic side-chain assemblage was analyzed and compared with the corresponding data for other noncrystalline macromolecules.
2.Structural Control and Functionalization of Gel-forming Polysaccharides :
In situ synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles in the gel matrices of carrageenan and of alginic acid was successfully accomplished. The internal morphology and magnetic property of the resulting composites were investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and SQUID magnetometry, respectively. To improve the fragility of the polysaccharide gels, different types of interpenetrating networks (IPNs) were designed as the polymer matrix for the in situ synthesis. Iron oxide-containing IPNs of alginate/poly (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and of alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) could be prepared as magnetic composites showing a superparamagnetic character at room temperature as well as a good mechanical performance. In relation to such a polymer/polymer blending, a fundamental study on the compatibility of some cellulosic polysaccharides with vinyl polymers were also performed. Less
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